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The kidney paired donation (KPD) program provides an innovative solution to overcome incompatibility challenges in kidney transplants by matching incompatible donor-patient pairs and facilitating kidney exchanges. To address unequal access…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Mingrui Zhang , Xiaowu Dai , Lexin Li

Kidney Exchange Programs (KEPs) promote access to living donor trans- plantation for patients suffering from end stage renal disease. The HLA compatibility between transplant recipients and donors plays an important role when solving the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Valentina Peralta Clarke , Hans de Ferrante , Francisco Perez Galarce , Joris van de Klundert

Kidney exchange programs (KEPs) form an innovative approach to increasing the donor pool through allowing the participation of renal patients together with a willing but incompatible donor. The aim of a KEP is to identify groups of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Danny Blom , Bart Smeulders , Frits C. R. Spieksma

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the last two decades of research on Kidney Exchange Programs (KEPs), systematically categorizing and classifying key contributions to provide readers with a structured understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Shayan Sharifi

The goal of a kidney exchange program (KEP) is to maximize number of transplants within a pool of incompatible patient-donor pairs by exchanging donors. A KEP can be modelled as a maximum matching problem in a graph. A KEP between…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Margarida Carvalho , Andrea Lodi

Balancing fairness and efficiency in resource allocation is a classical economic and computational problem. The price of fairness measures the worst-case loss of economic efficiency when using an inefficient but fair allocation rule; for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Duncan C. McElfresh , John P. Dickerson

Kidney exchange programs have been developed to overcome the compatibility challenges for patients with incompatible donors in kidney transplantation. A registry of such incompatible donor-recipient pairs is created, and compatibility is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Utkarsh Verma , Narayan Rangaraj

Kidney paired donation programs (KPDPs) match patients with willing but incompatible donors to compatible donors with an assurance that when they donate, their intended recipient receives a kidney in return from a different donor. A patient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Lizeth Carolina Riascos-Alvarez , Merve Bodur , Dionne M. Aleman

Kidney Exchange Programmes (KEPs) facilitate the exchange of kidneys, and larger pools of recipient-donor pairs tend to yield proportionally more transplants, leading to the proposal of international KEPs (IKEPs). However, as studied by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Rachael Colley , David Manlove , Daniel Paulusma , Mengxiao Zhang

We propose a way in which Kidney exchange can be feasibly, economically and efficiently implemented in Indian medical space, named as Indian Kidney Exchange Program(IKEP) along with Indian specific influence on compatibility and final…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Arghya Bandyopadhyay , Sajal Mukhopadhyay

Kidney exchange programs (KEP's) represent an additional possibility of transplant for patients suffering from end stage kidney disease. If a patient has a willing living donor with whom the patient is not compatible, the pair…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Xenia Klimentova , Péter Biró , Ana Viana , Virginia Costa , João Pedro Pedroso

A kidney exchange program, also called a kidney paired donation program, can be viewed as a repeated, dynamic trading and allocation mechanism. This suggests that a dynamic algorithm for transplant exchange selection may have superior…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Margarida Carvalho , Alison Caulfield , Yi Lin , Adrian Vetta

The kidney exchange problem (KEP) seeks to find possible exchanges among pairs of patients and their incompatible kidney donors while meeting specific optimization criteria such as maximizing the overall number of possible transplants.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Malte Breuer , Ulrike Meyer , Susanne Wetzel

In kidney exchange programmes (KEP) patients may swap their incompatible donors leading to cycles of kidney transplants. Nowadays, countries try to merge their national patient-donor pools leading to international KEPs (IKEPs). As shown in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Márton Benedek , Péter Biró , Gergely Csáji , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma , Xin Ye

Renal patients which have a willing but incompatible donor can decide to participate in a kidney exchange program (KEP). The goal of a KEP is to identify sets of such incompatible pairs that can exchange donors, leading to compatible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-24 Danny Blom , Christopher Hojny , Bart Smeulders

To overcome incompatibility issues, kidney patients may swap their donors. In international kidney exchange programmes (IKEPs), countries merge their national patient-donor pools. We consider a recently introduced credit system. In each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Márton Benedek , Péter Biró , Daniël Paulusma , Xin Ye

Kidney transplants are sharply overdemanded in the United States. A recent innovation to address organ shortages is a kidney exchange, in which willing but medically incompatible patient-donor pairs swap donors so that two successful…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Irena Gao

Kidney paired donation programs allow patients registered with an incompatible donor to receive a suitable kidney from another donor, as long as the latter's co-registered patient, if any, also receives a kidney from a different donor. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Lizeth Carolina Riascos-Álvarez , Merve Bodur , Dionne M. Aleman

Kidney exchange programs have substantially increased transplantation rates but also raise critical concerns about fairness in organ allocation. We propose a novel framework leveraging Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate multiple…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ali Kaazempur-Mofrad , Xiaowu Dai

In barter exchanges, participants swap goods with one another without exchanging money; exchanges are often facilitated by a central clearinghouse, with the goal of maximizing the aggregate quality (or number) of swaps. Barter exchanges are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Duncan C McElfresh , Michael Curry , Tuomas Sandholm , John P Dickerson
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