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With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, self-driving cars have become a central focus in the development of future transportation systems. Scenario generation technology has emerged as a crucial tool for testing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Canjie Cai

Most existing approaches to autonomous driving fall into one of two categories: modular pipelines, that build an extensive model of the environment, and imitation learning approaches, that map images directly to control outputs. A recently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Axel Sauer , Nikolay Savinov , Andreas Geiger

Motivated by vision-based control of autonomous vehicles, we consider the problem of controlling a known linear dynamical system for which partial state information, such as vehicle position, is extracted from complex and nonlinear data,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Sarah Dean , Nikolai Matni , Benjamin Recht , Vickie Ye

Traffic simulation is an efficient and cost-effective way to test Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in a complex and dynamic environment. Numerous studies have been conducted for AV evaluation using traffic simulation over the past decades.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Pei Li , Arpan Kusari , David J. LeBlanc

Stereo matching plays a crucial role in enabling depth perception for autonomous driving and robotics. While recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in stereo matching algorithms, largely driven by learning-based methods and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Xianda Guo , Chenming Zhang , Ruilin Wang , Youmin Zhang , Wenzhao Zheng , Matteo Poggi , Hao Zhao , Qin Zou , Long Chen

Safely interacting with humans is a significant challenge for autonomous driving. The performance of this interaction depends on machine learning-based modules of an autopilot, such as perception, behavior prediction, and planning. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jay Shenoy , Edward Kim , Xiangyu Yue , Taesung Park , Daniel Fremont , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit Seshia

The CARLA simulator (Car Learning to Act) serves as a robust platform for testing algorithms and generating datasets in the field of Autonomous Driving (AD). It provides control over various environmental parameters, enabling thorough…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mohamad Mofeed Chaar , Jamal Raiyn , Galia Weidl

In autonomous driving, traditional Computer Vision (CV) agents often struggle in unfamiliar situations due to biases in the training data. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents address this by learning from experience and maximizing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Bhargava Uppuluri , Anjel Patel , Neil Mehta , Sridhar Kamath , Pratyush Chakraborty

In the foreseeable future, autonomous vehicles will require human assistance in situations they can not resolve on their own. In such scenarios, remote assistance from a human can provide the required input for the vehicle to continue its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Daniel Bogdoll , Johannes Jestram , Jonas Rauch , Christin Scheib , Moritz Wittig , J. Marius Zöllner

Simulation of conflict situations for autonomous driving research is crucial for understanding and managing interactions between Automated Vehicles (AVs) and human drivers. This paper presents a set of exemplary conflict scenarios in CARLA…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Tsvetomila Mihaylova , Stefan Reitmann , Elin A. Topp , Ville Kyrki

Safe autonomous driving requires robust detection of other traffic participants. However, robust does not mean perfect, and safe systems typically minimize missed detections at the expense of a higher false positive rate. This results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Andreas Bühler , Adrien Gaidon , Andrei Cramariuc , Rares Ambrus , Guy Rosman , Wolfram Burgard

End-to-end autonomous driving seeks to solve the perception, decision, and control problems in an integrated way, which can be easier to generalize at scale and be more adapting to new scenarios. However, high costs and risks make it very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Sidney Bender , Tim Joseph , Marius Zoellner

Autonomous driving system development is critically dependent on the ability to replay complex and diverse traffic scenarios in simulation. In such scenarios, the ability to accurately simulate the vehicle sensors such as cameras, lidar or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Zhenpei Yang , Yuning Chai , Dragomir Anguelov , Yin Zhou , Pei Sun , Dumitru Erhan , Sean Rafferty , Henrik Kretzschmar

Current autonomous driving systems are composed of a perception system and a decision system. Both of them are divided into multiple subsystems built up with lots of human heuristics. An end-to-end approach might clean up the system and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Jianyu Chen , Zhuo Xu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

In the autonomous driving field, fusion of human knowledge into Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is often based on the human demonstration recorded in a simulated environment. This limits the generalization and the feasibility of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Dianzhao Li , Ostap Okhrin

There has been increasing interest in characterising the error behaviour of systems which contain deep learning models before deploying them into any safety-critical scenario. However, characterising such behaviour usually requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Jonathan Sadeghi , Blaine Rogers , James Gunn , Thomas Saunders , Sina Samangooei , Puneet Kumar Dokania , John Redford

Imitation learning is becoming more and more successful for autonomous driving. End-to-end (raw signal to command) performs well on relatively simple tasks (lane keeping and navigation). Mid-to-mid (environment abstraction to mid-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Thibault Buhet , Emilie Wirbel , Xavier Perrotton

The recent surge in interest in autonomous driving stems from its rapidly developing capacity to enhance safety, efficiency, and convenience. A pivotal aspect of autonomous driving technology is its perceptual systems, where core algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Qi Zhang , Siyuan Gou , Wenbin Li

This work introduces interactive traffic scenarios in the CARLA simulator, which are based on real-world traffic. We concentrate on tactical tasks lasting several seconds, which are especially challenging for current control methods. The…

Generating large-scale sensing datasets through photo-realistic simulation is an important aspect of many robotics applications such as autonomous driving. In this paper, we consider the problem of synchronous data collection from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Asma A. Almutairi , David J. LeBlanc , Arpan Kusari