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In recent years, video analysis using Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been widely used, due to the remarkable development of image recognition technology using deep learning. In 2019, the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) has started…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Takahiro Shindo , Taiju Watanabe , Kein Yamada , Hiroshi Watanabe

This paper presents a method to accurately estimate the required decoding energy for a given HEVC software decoding solution. We show that the decoder's processing time as returned by common C++ and UNIX functions is a highly suitable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 Christian Herglotz , Elisabeth Walencik , André Kaup

The widespread adoption of advanced video codecs such as AV1 is often hindered by their high decoding complexity, posing a challenge for battery-constrained devices. While encoders can be configured to produce bitstreams that are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Vibhoothi Vibhoothi , Julien Zouein , Shanker Shreejith , Jean-Baptiste Kempf , Anil Kokaram

This paper investigates the decoding energy and decoding time demand of VTM-7.0 in relation to HM-16.20. We present the first detailed comparison of two video codecs in terms of software decoder energy consumption. The evaluation shows that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-22 Matthias Kränzler , Christian Herglotz , André Kaup

In an adaptive bitrate streaming application, the efficiency of video compression and the encoded video quality depend on both the video codec and the quality metric used to perform encoding optimization. The development of such a quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-11 Yixu Chen , Zaixi Shang , Hai Wei , Yongjun Wu , Sriram Sethuraman

In this paper, a hybrid video compression framework is proposed that serves as a demonstrative showcase of deep learning-based approaches extending beyond the confines of traditional coding methodologies. The proposed hybrid framework is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yanchen Zhao , Wenxuan He , Chuanmin Jia , Qizhe Wang , Junru Li , Yue Li , Chaoyi Lin , Kai Zhang , Li Zhang , Siwei Ma

NVIDIA Encoder (NVENC) features in modern NVIDIA GPUs, offer significant advantages over software encoders by providing comparable Rate-Distortion (RD) performance while consuming considerably less power. The increasing capability of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kasidis Arunruangsirilert , Jiro Katto

Neural video compression has recently demonstrated significant potential to compete with conventional video codecs in terms of rate-quality performance. These learned video codecs are however associated with various issues related to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ge Gao , Ho Man Kwan , Fan Zhang , David Bull

Battery life is one of the major limitations to mobile device use, which makes research on energy efficient soft- and hardware an important task. This paper investigates the energy required by a CPU when decoding compressed bitstream videos…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 Christian Herglotz , Dominic Springer , Andrea Eichenseer , André Kaup

The design of video encoders involves the implementation of fast mode decision (FMD) algorithm to reduce computation complexity while maintaining the performance of the coding. Although H.264/scalable video coding (SVC) achieves high…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-09-23 L. Balaji , K. K. Thyagharajan

Conventional video compression approaches use the predictive coding architecture and encode the corresponding motion information and residual information. In this paper, taking advantage of both classical architecture in the conventional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-09 Guo Lu , Wanli Ouyang , Dong Xu , Xiaoyun Zhang , Chunlei Cai , Zhiyong Gao

Video has become the predominant medium for information dissemination, driving the need for efficient video codecs. Recent advancements in learned video compression have shown promising results, surpassing traditional codecs in terms of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Peng-Yu Chen , Wen-Hsiao Peng

Training neural video codec (NVC) with variable rate is a highly challenging task due to its complex training strategies and model structure. In this paper, we train an efficient variable bitrate neural video codec (EV-NVC) with the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yongcun Hu , Yingzhen Zhai , Jixiang Luo , Wenrui Dai , Dell Zhang , Hongkai Xiong , Xuelong Li

High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) surpasses its predecessors in encoding efficiency by introducing new coding tools at the cost of an increased encoding time-complexity. The Coding Tree Unit (CTU) is the main building block used in HEVC.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Ekrem Cetinkaya , Hadi Amirpour , Mohammad Ghanbari , Christian Timmerer

In the popular video coding trend, the encoder has the task to exploit both spatial and temporal redundancies present in the video sequence, which is a complex procedure. As a result almost all video encoders have five to ten times more…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-14 A. Banitalebi , H. R. Tohidypour

Among the new techniques of Versatile Video Coding (VVC), the quadtree with nested multi-type tree (QT+MTT) block structure yields significant coding gains by providing more flexible block partitioning patterns. However, the recursive…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Xinmin Feng , Zhuoyuan Li , Li Li , Dong Liu , Feng Wu

Versatile Video Coding (VVC) introduces more coding tools to improve compression efficiency compared to its predecessor High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). For inter-frame coding, Fractional Motion Estimation (FME) still has a high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Shushi Chen , Leilei Huang , Jiahao Liu , Chao Liu , Yibo Fan

Research has shown that decoder energy models are helpful tools for improving the energy efficiency in video playback applications. For example, an accurate feature-based bit stream model can reduce the energy consumption of the decoding…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-22 Matthias Kränzler , Christian Herglotz , André Kaup

Versatile Video Coding (VVC), as the latest standard, significantly improves the coding efficiency over its ancestor standard High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), but at the expense of sharply increased complexity. In VVC, the quad-tree…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Tianyi Li , Mai Xu , Runzhi Tang , Ying Chen , Qunliang Xing

Modern GPUs increasingly rely on specialized and asynchronous hardware units to deliver high performance. Yet these units are often underutilized because today's GPU software stacks still organize programming and execution around a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zijian He , Adrian Sampson , Yiying Zhang , Zhiyuan Guo
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