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Modularity is a very widely used measure of the level of clustering or community structure in networks. Here we consider a recent generalisation of the definition of modularity to temporal graphs, whose edge-sets change over discrete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Vilhelm Agdur , Jessica Enright , Laura Larios-Jones , Kitty Meeks , Fiona Skerman , Ella Yates

A drawing of a graph is 1-planar if each edge participates in at most one crossing and adjacent edges do not cross. Up to symmetry, each crossing in a 1-planar drawing belongs to one out of six possible crossing types, where a type…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Sergio Cabello , Alexander Dobler , Gašper Fijavž , Thekla Hamm , Mirko H. Wagner

We consider the problem of finding a subgraph of a given graph which minimizes the sum of given functions at vertices evaluated at their subgraph degrees. While the problem is NP-hard already when all functions are the same, we show that it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Shmuel Onn

Interval and proper interval graphs are very well-known graph classes, for which there is a wide literature. As a consequence, some generalizations of interval graphs have been proposed, in which graphs in general are expressed in terms of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Flavia Bonomo-Braberman , Fabiano S. Oliveira , Moysés S. Sampaio , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

A GraphMaps is a system that visualizes a graph using zoom levels, which is similar to a geographic map visualization. GraphMaps reveals the structural properties of the graph and enables users to explore the graph in a natural way by using…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Debajyoti Mondal , Lev Nachmanson

The \emph{$r$-neighbourhood complexity} of a graph $G$ is the function counting, for a given integer $k$, the largest possible number, over all vertex-subsets $A$ of size $k$, of subsets of $A$ realized as the intersection between the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Laurent Beaudou , Jan Bok , Florent Foucaud , Daniel A. Quiroz , Jean-Florent Raymond

Compatibility of unrooted phylogenetic trees is a well studied problem in phylogenetics. It asks to determine whether for a set of k input trees there exists a larger tree (called a supertree) that contains the topologies of all k input…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-03-03 Alexander Grigoriev , Steven Kelk , Nela Lekic

For intractable problems on graphs of bounded treewidth, two graph parameters treedepth and vertex cover number have been used to obtain fine-grained complexity results. Although the studies in this direction are successful, we still need a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Tatsuya Gima , Tesshu Hanaka , Masashi Kiyomi , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yota Otachi

The Subgraph Isomorphism problem is of considerable importance in computer science. We examine the problem when the pattern graph H is of bounded treewidth, as occurs in a variety of applications. This problem has a well-known algorithm via…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Karl Bringmann , Jasper Slusallek

This introduction to graphs and graph algebras provides the optimal bound for the number of all paths of length $k$ in a graph with $N\geq k$ edges and no loops. Our proof relies on a construction of a number of terminating algorithms that…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Piotr M. Hajac , Mariusz Tobolski

An unweighted, undirected graph $G$ on $n$ nodes is said to have \emph{bandwidth} at most $k$ if its nodes can be labelled from $0$ to $n - 1$ such that no two adjacent nodes have labels that differ by more than $k$. It is known that one…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Luis M. B. Varona

A graph is said to be well-covered if all its maximal independent sets are of the same size. In 1999, Yamashita and Kameda introduced a subclass of well-covered graphs, called localizable graphs and defined as graphs having a partition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-09 Ademir Hujdurović , Martin Milanič , Bernard Ries

A map is a connected topological graph cellularly embedded in a surface and a complete map is a cellularly embedded complete graph in a surface. In this paper, all automorphisms of complete maps of order n are determined by permutations on…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Linfan Mao , Yanpei Liu , Feng Tian

We give an algorithm that takes as input an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and an integer $k$, runs in time $2^{O(k^2)} n^{O(1)}$, and outputs a tree decomposition of $G$ of width at most $k$, if such a decomposition exists. This resolves the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Tuukka Korhonen , Daniel Lokshtanov

In the Multiagent Path Finding problem (MAPF for short), we focus on efficiently finding non-colliding paths for a set of $k$ agents on a given graph $G$, where each agent seeks a path from its source vertex to a target. An important…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Foivos Fioravantes , Dušan Knop , Jan Matyáš Křišťan , Nikolaos Melissinos , Michal Opler

Graph exploration is one of the fundamental tasks performed by a mobile agent in a graph. An $n$-node graph has unlabeled nodes, and all ports at any node of degree $d$ are arbitrarily numbered $0,\dots, d-1$. A mobile agent, initially…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Andrzej Pelc

Reachability and shortest path problems are NL-complete for general graphs. They are known to be in L for graphs of tree-width 2 [JT07]. However, for graphs of tree-width larger than 2, no bound better than NL is known. In this paper, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Bireswar Das , Samir Datta , Prajakta Nimbhorkar

Graph Burning asks, given a graph $G = (V,E)$ and an integer $k$, whether there exists $(b_{0},\dots,b_{k-1}) \in V^{k}$ such that every vertex in $G$ has distance at most $i$ from some $b_{i}$. This problem is known to be NP-complete even…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yota Otachi

Cliquewidth is a dense analogue of treewidth. It can be deduced from recent results by Hickingbotham [arXiv:2501.10840] and Nguyen, Scott, and Seymour [arXiv:2501.09839] that graphs of bounded cliquewidth are quasi-isometric to graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Marc Distel

Graphlets are small connected induced subgraphs of a larger graph $G$. Graphlets are now commonly used to quantify local and global topology of networks in the field. Methods exist to exhaustively enumerate all graphlets (and their orbits)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Adib Hassan , Po-Chien Chung , Wayne B. Hayes