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Training a deep neural network heavily relies on a large amount of training data with accurate annotations. To alleviate this problem, various methods have been proposed to annotate the data automatically. However, automatically generating…

Polyp segmentation is a crucial step towards computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal cancer. However, most of the polyp segmentation methods require pixel-wise annotated datasets. Annotated datasets are tedious and time-consuming to produce,…

The great progress of 3D object detectors relies on large-scale data and 3D annotations. The annotation cost for 3D bounding boxes is extremely expensive while the 2D ones are easier and cheaper to collect. In this paper, we introduce a…

Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting has been shown to significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), particularly in arithmetic and reasoning tasks, by instructing the model to produce intermediate reasoning steps.…

With the advent of large datasets, offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising framework for learning good decision-making policies without the need to interact with the real environment. However, offline RL requires the dataset to…

For best performance, today's semantic segmentation methods use large and carefully labeled datasets, requiring expensive annotation budgets. In this work, we show that coarse annotation is a low-cost but highly effective alternative for…

The development of biologically-plausible learning algorithms is important for understanding learning in the brain, but most of them fail to scale-up to real-world tasks, limiting their potential as explanations for learning by real brains.…

While deep-learning based tracking methods have achieved substantial progress, they entail large-scale and high-quality annotated data for sufficient training. To eliminate expensive and exhaustive annotation, we study self-supervised…

Reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse and deceptive rewards is challenging because non-zero rewards are rarely obtained. Hence, the gradient calculated by the agent can be stochastic and without valid information. Recent studies that…

In offline reinforcement learning (RL) agents are trained using a logged dataset. It appears to be the most natural route to attack real-life applications because in domains such as healthcare and robotics interactions with the environment…

Whole-body Positron Emission Tomography (PET) registration is essential for multi-parametric tumor characterization and assessment of metastatic disease progression. In deep learning-based deformable registration, the dense displacement…

For specialized and dense downstream tasks such as object detection, labeling data requires expertise and can be very expensive, making few-shot and semi-supervised models much more attractive alternatives. While in the few-shot setup we…

Cellular reprogramming can be used for both the prevention and cure of different diseases. However, the efficiency of discovering reprogramming strategies with classical wet-lab experiments is hindered by lengthy time commitments and high…

We study the problem of sample efficient reinforcement learning, where prior data such as demonstrations are provided for initialization in lieu of a dense reward signal. A natural approach is to incorporate an imitation learning objective,…

In the process of intelligently segmenting foods in images using deep neural networks for diet management, data collection and labeling for network training are very important but labor-intensive tasks. In order to solve the difficulties of…

This paper presents Grammar Reinforcement Learning (GRL), a reinforcement learning algorithm that uses Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) and a transformer architecture that models a Pushdown Automaton (PDA) within a context-free grammar (CFG)…

Urban environments pose a significant challenge for autonomous vehicles (AVs) as they must safely navigate while in close proximity to many pedestrians. It is crucial for the AV to correctly understand and predict the future trajectories of…

While the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical image analysis is gaining wide acceptance, the expertise, time and cost required to generate annotated data in the medical field are significantly high, due to limited availability…

Recently, one-stage trackers that use a joint model to predict both detections and appearance embeddings in one forward pass received much attention and achieved state-of-the-art results on the Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) benchmarks.…

To efficiently establish training databases for machine learning methods, collaborative and crowdsourcing platforms have been investigated to collectively tackle the annotation effort. However, when this concept is ported to the medical…