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A non-isothermal phase field model that captures both displacive and diffusive phase transformations in a unified framework is presented. The model is developed in a formal thermodynamic setting, which provides guidance on admissible…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-12-02 Mirko Maraldi , Garth N. Wells , Luisa Molari

The kinetics of an initially undercooled solid-liquid melt is studied by means of a generalized Phase Field model, which describes the dynamics of an ordering non-conserved field phi (e.g. solid-liquid order parameter) coupled to a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-30 Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Andrea Crisanti , Giulia Iori

All solid state Li-ion batteries employing metallic lithium as an anode offer higher energy densities while also being safer than conventional liquid electrolyte based Li-ion batteries. However, the growth of tiny filaments of lithium…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-20 Vikalp Raj , Varun R Kankanallu , Bibhatsu Kuiri , Naga Phani B Aetukuri

Cycle life is critically important in applications of rechargeable batteries, but lifetime prediction is mostly based on empirical trends, rather than mathematical models. In practical lithium-ion batteries, capacity fade occurs over…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2012-11-27 Matthew B. Pinson , Martin Z. Bazant

A deeper understanding of the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) formation mechanism is essential to elucidate battery degradation. Here, we combine Liquid Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy (ec-TEM) with Gas…

Surfaces of ionic solids interacting with an ionic solution can build up charge by exchange of ions. The surface charge is compensated by a strip of excess charge at the border of the electrolyte forming an electric double layer. These…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Chao Zhang , Michiel Sprik

Liquid metal electrodes are one of the key components of different electrical energy storage technologies. The understanding of transport phenomena in liquid electrodes is mandatory in order to ensure efficient operation. In the present…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-04-02 Paolo Personnettaz , Steffen Landgraf , Michael Nimtz , Norbert Weber , Tom Weier

Non-destructive characterization of lithium-ion batteries provides critical insights for optimizing performance and lifespan while preserving structural integrity. Optimizing electrolyte design in commercial LIBs requires consideration of…

Porous electrode theory, pioneered by John Newman and collaborators, provides a useful macroscopic description of battery cycling behavior, rooted in microscopic physical models rather than empirical circuit approximations. The theory…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-02-28 Raymond B. Smith , Martin Z. Bazant

An ever present challenge for Li-ion batteries is the formation of metallic dendrites on cycling that dramatically reduces cycle life and leads to the untimely failure of the cell. In this work we investigate the modes of Li-cluster…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-11-01 Jonathon Cottom , Qiong Cai , Emilia Olsson

We investigate the fracture of Li-ion battery cathodic particles using a thermodynamically consistent phase-field approach that can describe arbitrarily complex crack paths and captures the full coupling between Li-ion diffusion, stress,…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-23 Ataollah Mesgarnejad , Alain Karma

We present a phase field-based electro-chemo-mechanical formulation for modelling mechanics-enhanced corrosion and hydrogen-assisted cracking in elastic-plastic solids. A multi-phase-field approach is used to present, for the first time, a…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-22 C. Cui , R. Ma , E. Martínez-Pañeda

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations of electrode material properties in high energy density storage devices like lithium batteries have been standard practice for decades. In contrast, DFT modelling of explicit interfaces in…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-06-24 Kevin Leung

Understanding and controlling the atomistic-level reactions governing the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for the viability of next-generation solid state batteries. However, challenges persist due to…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-13 Jingxuan Ding , Laura Zichi , Matteo Carli , Menghang Wang , Albert Musaelian , Yu Xie , Boris Kozinsky

We study the crossover between liquid and solid electron phases in a two-dimensional harmonic trap as the density is progressively diluted. We infer the formation of geometrically ordered phases from charge distributions and pair…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 Massimo Rontani , Carlo Cavazzoni , Guido Goldoni

Understanding solid liquid interfaces at high spatial and chemical resolution is crucial for advancing electrochemical energy storage technologies, yet this remains a persistent challenge due to the lack of characterisation techniques that…

The solvation environments of Li$^+$ in conventional non-aqueous battery electrolytes, such as LiPF$_6$ in mixtures of ethylene carbaronate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), are often used to rationalize the transport properties of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-20 Zachary A. H. Goodwin , Daniel M. Markiewitz , Qisheng Wu , Yue Qi , Martin Z. Bazant

We study phase transitions and critical phenomena in nonequilibrium steady states controlled by an electric field. We employ the D3/D7 model in the presence of a charge density and electric field at finite temperatures. The system undergoes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-28 Daisuke Endo , Yuichi Fukazawa , Masataka Matsumoto , Shin Nakamura

This paper proposes a method for studying the early stages of the cavitation development in arbitrary, non-stationary conditions. This method is based on the comparison of the results of calculations in the framework of a theoretical model…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-04-02 M. N. Shneider , M. Pekker

Lithium-bismuth bimetallic cells are amongst the best explored liquid metal batteries. A simple and fast quasi-one-dimensional cell voltage model for such devices is presented. The equilibrium cell potential is obtained from a complex…

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