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Supervised deep learning for semantic segmentation has achieved excellent results in accurately identifying anatomical and pathological structures in medical images. However, it often requires large annotated training datasets, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Luca Ciampi , Gabriele Lagani , Giuseppe Amato , Fabrizio Falchi

Annotation scarcity has become a major obstacle for training powerful deep-learning models for medical image segmentation, restricting their deployment in clinical scenarios. To address it, semi-supervised learning by exploiting abundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Qingjie Zeng , Yutong Xie , Zilin Lu , Mengkang Lu , Yicheng Wu , Yong Xia

Semi-supervised learning addresses the issue of limited annotations in medical images effectively, but its performance is often inadequate for complex backgrounds and challenging tasks. Multi-modal fusion methods can significantly improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Dongdong Meng , Sheng Li , Hao Wu , Guoping Wang , Xueqing Yan

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are widely adopted in medical imaging tasks, and some existing efforts have been directed towards vision-language training for Chest X-rays (CXRs). However, we envision that there still exists a potential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Umar Marikkar , Sara Atito , Muhammad Awais , Adam Mahdi

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in various healthcare applications, enabling accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. Traditionally, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) dominated this domain,…

Obtaining pixel-level annotations in the medical domain is both expensive and time-consuming, often requiring close collaboration between clinical experts and developers. Semi-supervised medical image segmentation aims to leverage limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lin Xi , Yingliang Ma , Cheng Wang , Sandra Howell , Aldo Rinaldi , Kawal S. Rhode

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an effective paradigm for medical image segmentation, reducing the reliance on extensive expert annotations. Meanwhile, vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong generalization and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Jiaqi Guo , Mingzhen Li , Hanyu Su , Santiago López , Lexiaozi Fan , Daniel Kim , Aggelos Katsaggelos

Despite the remarkable performance of supervised medical image segmentation models, relying on a large amount of labeled data is impractical in real-world situations. Semi-supervised learning approaches aim to alleviate this challenge using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yunyao Lu , Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad , Tareef Daqqaq , Reem Kateb

The integration of Large Language Model (LLMs) blocks with Vision Transformers (ViTs) holds immense promise for vision-only tasks by leveraging the rich semantic knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs. However, a fundamental challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Selim Kuzucu , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Anna Kukleva , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dominated and achieved state-of-the-art performances in a variety of medical imaging applications. However, the performances of ConvNets are still limited by lacking the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Junyu Chen , Yufan He , Eric C. Frey , Ye Li , Yong Du

The data-intensive nature of supervised classification drives the interest of the researchers towards unsupervised approaches, especially for problems such as medical image segmentation, where labeled data is scarce. Building on the recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 A. Mudit Adityaja , Saurabh J. Shigwan , Nitin Kumar

Due to the lack of expertise for medical image annotation, the investigation of label-efficient methodology for medical image segmentation becomes a heated topic. Recent progresses focus on the efficient utilization of weak annotations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-14 Junwen Pan , Qi Bi , Yanzhan Yang , Pengfei Zhu , Cheng Bian

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have proven effective in solving the task of semantic segmentation. However, their efficiency heavily relies on the pixel-level annotations that are expensive to get and often require domain expertise,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Ostap Viniavskyi , Mariia Dobko , Oles Dobosevych

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Although models based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers have achieved remarkable success in medical image segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Jiashu Xu

The data-driven nature of deep learning (DL) models for semantic segmentation requires a large number of pixel-level annotations. However, large-scale and fully labeled medical datasets are often unavailable for practical tasks. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Nanqing Dong , Michael Kampffmeyer , Xiaodan Liang , Min Xu , Irina Voiculescu , Eric P. Xing

Accurate segmentation of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring retinal diseases. However, the labor-intensive nature of pixel-level annotation limits the scalability of supervised learning for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jiaqi Yang , Nitish Mehta , Xiaoling Hu , Chao Chen , Chia-Ling Tsai

Semi-supervised medical image segmentation has gained growing interest due to its ability to utilize unannotated data. The current state-of-the-art methods mostly rely on pseudo-labeling within a co-training framework. These methods depend…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 Suruchi Kumari , Pravendra Singh

In clinical medicine, precise image segmentation can provide substantial support to clinicians. However, obtaining high-quality segmentation typically demands extensive pixel-level annotations, which are labor-intensive and expensive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Tao Wang , Xinlin Zhang , Zhenxuan Zhang , Yuanbo Zhou , Yuanbin Chen , Longxuan Zhao , Chaohui Xu , Shun Chen , Guang Yang , Tong Tong

Deep learning models, e.g. supervised Encoder-Decoder style networks, exhibit promising performance in medical image segmentation, but come with a high labelling cost. We propose TriSegNet, a semi-supervised semantic segmentation framework.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-15 Ziyang Wang , Irina Voiculescu

The scarcity of labeled data often limits the application of supervised deep learning techniques for medical image segmentation. This has motivated the development of semi-supervised techniques that learn from a mixture of labeled and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Gerda Bortsova , Florian Dubost , Laurens Hogeweg , Ioannis Katramados , Marleen de Bruijne