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Partial differential equations (PDEs) govern a wide variety of dynamical processes in science and engineering, yet obtaining their numerical solutions often requires high-resolution discretizations and repeated evaluations of complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Valentin Duruisseaux , Jean Kossaifi , Anima Anandkumar

A novel approach to approximate solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) by Deep Neural Networks is derived and analysed. The architecture is inspired by the notion of Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets), which is based on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Martin Eigel , Charles Miranda

This focused review explores a range of neural operator architectures for approximating solutions to parametric partial differential equations (PDEs), emphasizing high-level concepts and practical implementation strategies. The study covers…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Prashant K. Jha

We present a new data-driven reduced-order modeling approach to efficiently solve parametrized partial differential equations (PDEs) for many-query problems. This work is inspired by the concept of implicit neural representation (INR),…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Tianshu Wen , Kookjin Lee , Youngsoo Choi

Computational electromagnetics (CEM) is employed to numerically solve Maxwell's equations, and it has very important and practical applications across a broad range of disciplines, including biomedical engineering, nanophotonics, wireless…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Marco Fiore , Jie Zhang , Ian Wassell

The curse of dimensionality is commonly encountered in numerical partial differential equations (PDE), especially when uncertainties have to be modeled into the equations as random coefficients. However, very often the variability of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Yuehaw Khoo , Jianfeng Lu , Lexing Ying

Ordinary and partial differential equations (DE) are used extensively in scientific and mathematical domains to model physical systems. Current literature has focused primarily on deep neural network (DNN) based methods for solving a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Hyeonjung , Jung , Jayant Gupta , Bharat Jayaprakash , Matthew Eagon , Harish Panneer Selvam , Carl Molnar , William Northrop , Shashi Shekhar

In this paper, we propose the idea of radial scaling in frequency domain and activation functions with compact support to produce a multi-scale DNN (MscaleDNN), which will have the multi-scale capability in approximating high frequency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Wei Cai , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Several complex physical systems are governed by multi-scale partial differential equations (PDEs) that exhibit both smooth low-frequency components and localized high-frequency structures. Existing physics-informed neural network (PINN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zhenzhen Huang , Haoyu Bian , Jiaquan Zhang , Yibei Liu , Kuien Liu , Caiyan Qin , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Chaoning Zhang

Industrial design evaluation often relies on high-fidelity simulations of governing partial differential equations (PDEs). While accurate, these simulations are computationally expensive, making dense exploration of design spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zhizhou Zhang , Youjia Wu , Kaixuan Zhang , Yanjia Wang

Physics-based deep learning frameworks have shown to be effective in accurately modeling the dynamics of complex physical systems with generalization capability across problem inputs. However, time-independent problems pose the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Rini Jasmine Gladstone , Helia Rahmani , Vishvas Suryakumar , Hadi Meidani , Marta D'Elia , Ahmad Zareei

The numerical solution of high dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is severely constrained by the curse of dimensionality (CoD), rendering classical grid--based methods impractical beyond a few dimensions. In recent years,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Wenzhong Zhang , Zheyuan Hu , Wei Cai , George EM Karniadakis

Interfacial dynamics underlie a wide range of phenomena, including phase transitions, microstructure coarsening, pattern formation, and thin-film growth, and are typically described by stiff, time-dependent nonlinear partial differential…

Many physics-informed machine learning methods for PDE-based problems rely on Gaussian processes (GPs) or neural networks (NNs). However, both face limitations when data are scarce and the dimensionality is high. Although GPs are known for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Weihao Yan , Christoph Brune , Mengwu Guo

Deep learning methods have access to be employed for solving physical systems governed by parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) due to massive scientific data. It has been refined to operator learning that focuses on learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Chu Wang , Jinhong Wu , Yanzhi Wang , Zhijian Zha , Qi Zhou

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proposed to learn the solution of partial differential equations (PDE). In PINNs, the residual form of the PDE of interest and its boundary conditions are lumped into a composite objective…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Shamsulhaq Basir , Inanc Senocak

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently become a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, finding a set of neural network parameters that lead to fulfilling a PDE can be challenging and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Aleksandr Dekhovich , Marcel H. F. Sluiter , David M. J. Tax , Miguel A. Bessa

Shape optimization involves the minimization of a cost function defined over a set of shapes, often governed by a partial differential equation (PDE). In the absence of closed-form solutions, one relies on numerical methods to approximate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Eloi Martinet , Leon Bungert

Partial differential equations can be solved on general polygonal and polyhedral meshes, through Polytopal Element Methods (PEMs). Unfortunately, the relation between geometry and analysis is still unknown and subject to ongoing research in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Daniela Cabiddu , Giuseppe Patanè , Michela Spagnuolo

Physics-informed deep learning often faces optimization challenges due to the complexity of solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which involve exploring large solution spaces, require numerous iterations, and can lead to unstable…