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Regression-based optimal fingerprinting techniques for climate change detection and attribution require the estimation of the forced signal as well as the internal variability covariance matrix in order to distinguish between their…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-08 Samuel Baugh , Karen McKinnon

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) provide a natural framework for modelling intrinsic stochasticity inherent in many continuous-time physical processes. When such processes are observed in multiple individuals or experimental units,…

Computation · Statistics 2016-05-19 Gavin A. Whitaker , Andrew Golightly , Richard J. Boys , Chris Sherlock

High-quality nanomechanical oscillators can sensitively probe force, mass, or displacement in experiments bridging the gap between the classical and quantum domain. Dynamics of these stochastic systems is inherently determined by the…

The last decade has seen the success of stochastic parameterizations in short-term, medium-range and seasonal forecasts: operational weather centers now routinely use stochastic parameterization schemes to better represent model inadequacy…

Heat waves resulting from prolonged extreme temperatures pose a significant risk to human health globally. Given the limitations of observations of extreme temperature, climate models are often used to characterize extreme temperature…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-08 Mark Risser

The assessment of the thermal properties of walls is essential for accurate building energy simulations that are needed to make effective energy-saving policies. These properties are usually investigated through in-situ measurements of…

Applications · Statistics 2017-09-21 Marco Iglesias , Zaid Sawlan , Marco Scavino , Raul Tempone , Christopher Wood

Parameters in climate models are usually calibrated manually, exploiting only small subsets of the available data. This precludes both optimal calibration and quantification of uncertainties. Traditional Bayesian calibration methods that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Oliver R. A. Dunbar , Alfredo Garbuno-Inigo , Tapio Schneider , Andrew M. Stuart

Several complicated non-linear models exist which simulate the physical processes leading to fluctuations in global climate. Some of these more advanced models use observations to constrain various parameters involved. However, they tend to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 Rajashik Tarafder , Dibyendu Nandy

Climate models are generally calibrated manually by comparing selected climate statistics, such as the global top-of-atmosphere energy balance, to observations. The manual tuning only targets a limited subset of observational data and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Michael F. Howland , Oliver R. A. Dunbar , Tapio Schneider

Regional climate change in the $21^{st}$ century will result from the interplay between human-induced changes and internal climate variability. Competing effects from greenhouse gas warming and aerosol cooling have historically caused…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Raphaël Hébert , Thomas Laepple

This study assesses the relative importance of time integration error in present-day climate simulations conducted with the atmosphere component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (EAMv1) at 1-degree horizontal resolution.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-03-02 Hui Wan , Shixuan Zhang , Philip J. Rasch , Vincent E. Larson , Xubin Zeng , Huiping Yan

Stochastic reduced models are an important tool in climate systems whose many spatial and temporal scales cannot be fully discretized or underlying physics may not be fully accounted for. One form of reduced model, the linear inverse model…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-29 Dallas Foster , Darin Comeau , Nathan M. Urban

With the success of machine learning (ML) applied to climate reaching further every day, emulators have begun to show promise not only for weather but for multi-year time scales in the atmosphere. Similar work for the ocean remains nascent,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-05 Surya Dheeshjith , Adam Subel , Shubham Gupta , Alistair Adcroft , Carlos Fernandez-Granda , Julius Busecke , Laure Zanna

Experiments in engineering are typically conducted in controlled environments where parameters can be set to any desired value. This assumes that the same applies in a real-world setting -- an assumption that is often incorrect as many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mike Diessner , Kevin J. Wilson , Richard D. Whalley

Accurately quantifying uncertainty in predictions and projections arising from irreducible internal climate variability is critical for informed decision making. Such uncertainty is typically assessed using ensembles produced with physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso , Johannes Exenberger

A systematic Bayesian framework is developed for physics constrained parameter inference ofstochastic differential equations (SDE) from partial observations. The physical constraints arederived for stochastic climate models but are…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-11-25 Daniel Peavoy , Christian L. E. Franzke , Gareth O. Roberts

Climate models play a crucial role in understanding the effect of environmental and man-made changes on climate to help mitigate climate risks and inform governmental decisions. Large global climate models such as the Community Earth System…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-02 Niccolò Dalmasso , Galen Vincent , Dorit Hammerling , Ann B. Lee

Accurate and high-resolution Earth system model (ESM) simulations are essential to assess the ecological and socio-economic impacts of anthropogenic climate change, but are computationally too expensive to be run at sufficiently high…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Philipp Hess , Michael Aich , Baoxiang Pan , Niklas Boers

Projections of changes in extreme climate are sometimes predicted by using multi-model ensemble methods such as Bayesian model averaging (BMA) embedded with the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. BMA is a popular method for…

Applications · Statistics 2024-08-20 Yonggwan Shin , Youngsaeng Lee , Juntae Choi , Jeong-Soo Park

Given uncertainties in physical theory and numerical climate simulations, the historical temperature record is often used as a source of empirical information about climate change. Many historical trend analyses appear to deemphasize…

Applications · Statistics 2017-05-16 Andrew Poppick , Elisabeth J. Moyer , Michael L. Stein