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Related papers: Studying Generalization Through Data Averaging

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Although recent advances in machine learning have shown its success to learn from independent and identically distributed (IID) data, it is vulnerable to out-of-distribution (OOD) data in an open world. Domain generalization (DG) deals with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Thai-Hoang Pham , Xueru Zhang , Ping Zhang

Meta-learning, or "learning to learn", refers to techniques that infer an inductive bias from data corresponding to multiple related tasks with the goal of improving the sample efficiency for new, previously unobserved, tasks. A key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

Neural networks can be powerful function approximators, which are able to model high-dimensional feature distributions from a subset of examples drawn from the target distribution. Naturally, they perform well at generalizing within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Aaron Eisermann , Jae Hee Lee , Cornelius Weber , Stefan Wermter

Predictive models that generalize well under distributional shift are often desirable and sometimes crucial to building robust and reliable machine learning applications. We focus on distributional shift that arises in causal inference from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 Fredrik D. Johansson , Nathan Kallus , Uri Shalit , David Sontag

Machine learning theory has mostly focused on generalization to samples from the same distribution as the training data. Whereas a better understanding of generalization beyond the training distribution where the observed distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-29 Matias Vera , Pablo Piantanida , Leonardo Rey Vega

Exposure bias refers to the train-test discrepancy that seemingly arises when an autoregressive generative model uses only ground-truth contexts at training time but generated ones at test time. We separate the contributions of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Florian Schmidt

We study the typical learning properties of the recently proposed Support Vectors Machines. The generalization error on linearly separable tasks, the capacity, the typical number of Support Vectors, the margin, and the robustness or noise…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Buhot , Mirta B. Gordon

Deep learning has been extensively used in various fields, such as phase imaging, 3D imaging reconstruction, phase unwrapping, and laser speckle reduction, particularly for complex problems that lack analytic models. Its data-driven nature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Xuyu Zhang , Haofan Huang , Dawei Zhang , Songlin Zhuang , Shensheng Han , Puxiang Lai , Honglin Liu

Stability analysis is an essential aspect of studying the generalization ability of deep learning, as it involves deriving generalization bounds for stochastic gradient descent-based training algorithms. Adversarial training is the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yihan Wang , Shuang Liu , Xiao-Shan Gao

Generalization of deep neural networks remains one of the main open problems in machine learning. Previous theoretical works focused on deriving tight bounds of model complexity, while empirical works revealed that neural networks exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 James Wang , Cheng-Lin Yang

Transformers serve as the foundational architecture for many successful large-scale models, demonstrating the ability to overfit the training data while maintaining strong generalization on unseen data, a phenomenon known as benign…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yingying Zhang , Zhenyu Wu , Jian Li , Yong Liu

Understanding generalization in reinforcement learning (RL) is a significant challenge, as many common assumptions of traditional supervised learning theory do not apply. We focus on the special class of reparameterizable RL problems, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Huan Wang , Stephan Zheng , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Generalization error predictors (GEPs) aim to predict model performance on unseen distributions by deriving dataset-level error estimates from sample-level scores. However, GEPs often utilize disparate mechanisms (e.g., regressors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Puja Trivedi , Danai Koutra , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Fundamental machine learning theory shows that different samples contribute unequally both in learning and testing processes. Contemporary studies on DNN imply that such sample difference is rooted on the distribution of intrinsic pattern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Chi Zhang , Xiaoning Ma , Yu Liu , Le Wang , Yuanqi Su , Yuehu Liu

As machine learning becomes increasingly central to molecular design, it is vital to ensure the reliability of learnable protein-ligand scoring functions on novel protein targets. While many scoring functions perform well on standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jakub Kopko , David Graber , Saltuk Mustafa Eyrilmez , Stanislav Mazurenko , David Bednar , Jiri Sedlar , Josef Sivic

A significant obstacle in the development of robust machine learning models is covariate shift, a form of distribution shift that occurs when the input distributions of the training and test sets differ while the conditional label…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-17 Nilesh Tripuraneni , Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

In this paper, we investigate the effect of data heterogeneity across clients on the performance of distributed learning systems, i.e., one-round Federated Learning, as measured by the associated generalization error. Specifically, $K$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Masoud Kavian , Romain Chor , Milad Sefidgaran , Abdellatif Zaidi

Machine learning models often degrade when deployed on data distributions different from their training data. Challenging conventional validation paradigms, we demonstrate that higher in-distribution (ID) bias can lead to better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ruixuan Chen , Wentao Li , Jiahui Xiao , Yuchen Li , Yimin Tang , Xiaonan Wang

Machine learning typically relies on the assumption that training and testing distributions are identical and that data is centrally stored for training and testing. However, in real-world scenarios, distributions may differ significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ying Li , Xingwei Wang , Rongfei Zeng , Praveen Kumar Donta , Ilir Murturi , Min Huang , Schahram Dustdar

The performance of fully synchronized distributed systems has faced a bottleneck due to the big data trend, under which asynchronous distributed systems are becoming a major popularity due to their powerful scalability. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-01 Jayanth Regatti , Gaurav Tendolkar , Yi Zhou , Abhishek Gupta , Yingbin Liang