Related papers: Symmetry breaking in geometry
Recent 3D organ reconstitution studies show that a group of stem cells can establish a body axis and acquire different fates in a spatially organized manner. How such symmetry breaking happens in the absence of external spatial cues, and…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is a key concept in physics that for decades has played a crucial role in the description of many physical phenomena in a large number of different areas, like particle physics, cosmology, and…
Kinematical and dynamical mechanisms leading to the spontaneous breaking of space-time symmetries are described. The symmetries affected are space and time translations, space rotations, scale and conformal transformations. Applications are…
Symmetry is an important problem in many combinatorial problems. One way of dealing with symmetry is to add constraints that eliminate symmetric solutions. We survey recent results in this area, focusing especially on two common and useful…
A mechanism of supersymmetry breaking in two or four-dimensions is given, in which the breaking is related to the Fermat's last theorem. It is shown that supersymmetry is exact at some irrational number points in parameter space, while it…
Symmetry-breaking phase transitions are ubiquitous in condensed matter systems and in quantum field theories. There is also good reason to believe that they feature in the very early history of the Universe. At many such transitions…
Dynamical supersymmetry breaking is considered in models which admit descriptions in terms of electric, confined, or magnetic degrees of freedom in various limits. In this way, a variety of seemingly different theories which break…
A nonperturbative approach for spontaneous symmetry breaking is proposed. It is based on some properties of interacting field operators. As the consequences an additional terms like to m^2 A^2 appears in the initial Lagrangian.
We discuss the structure of topological defects in the context of extra dimensions where the symmetry breaking terms are localized. These defects develop structure in the extra dimension which differs from the case where symmetry breaking…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a general principle, that constitutes the underlying concept of a vast number of physical phenomena ranging from ferromagnetism and superconductivity in condensed matter physics to the Higgs mechanism in the…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to our understanding of physics and explains many natural phenomena, from cosmic scales to subatomic particles. Its use for applications requires devices with a high level of symmetry, but engineered…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a well-understood mechanism for generating distinct phases of matter. Recently, the notion of symmetry has been broadened to include operations without inverses, leading to the concept of non-invertible…
In these lectures we look for parallels between symmetry breaking in the early universe and condensed matter systems, and discuss experiments that display these.
A simple two-species asymmetric exclusion model in one dimension with bulk and boundary exchanges of particles is investigated for the existence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. The model is a generalization of the bridge model for which…
The concepts of symmetry, symmetry breaking and gauge symmetries are discussed, their operational meaning being displayed by the observables {\em and} the (physical) states. For infinitely extended systems the states fall into physically…
We describe a symmetry breaking construction in coarse geometry which allows to obtain information about equivariant coarse homology classes by restriction to smaller groups and spaces. In the case of equivariant coarse $K$-homology theory…
Systemic symmetry is introduced into our work to investigate the symmetries of different ZnO nanocrystals. Result shows that systemic symmetries obey the law of spontaneous symmetry breaking during the formation of ZnO nanocrystals. A…
We consider a generalization of the notion of a natural mechanical system to the case of additional forces of gyroscopic type. Such forces appear, for example, as a result of global reduction of a natural system with symmetry. We study…
A spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism is used in quantum gravity to obtain a convergent positive definite density-matrix as the most general quantum state of Euclidean wormholes
We discuss the well-known phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking for a linear sigma model for scalar and pseudoscalar mesons based on the meson composite structure and the normalization of the quantum states. To test our formulation…