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Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the standard algorithm for training machine learning models under differential privacy (DP). The most common DP-SGD privacy accountants rely on Poisson subsampling to ensure the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sebastian Rodriguez Beltran , Marlon Tobaben , Joonas Jälkö , Niki Loppi , Antti Honkela

Differentially private SGD (DP-SGD) is one of the most popular methods for solving differentially private empirical risk minimization (ERM). Due to its noisy perturbation on each gradient update, the error rate of DP-SGD scales with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yingxue Zhou , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Arindam Banerjee

The paradigm of Differentially Private SGD~(DP-SGD) can provide a theoretical guarantee for training data in both centralized and federated settings. However, the utility degradation caused by DP-SGD limits its wide application in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haichao Sha , Ruixuan Liu , Yixuan Liu , Hong Chen

Strong Differential Privacy (DP) and Optimization guarantees are two desirable properties for a method in Federated Learning (FL). However, existing algorithms do not achieve both properties at once: they either have optimal DP guarantees…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Rustem Islamov , Samuel Horvath , Aurelien Lucchi , Peter Richtarik , Eduard Gorbunov

This paper studies the convergence of clipped stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms with decision-dependent data distribution. Our setting is motivated by privacy preserving optimization algorithms that interact with performative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Qiang Li , Michal Yemini , Hoi-To Wai

The rise of IoT devices has prompted the demand for deploying machine learning at-the-edge with real-time, efficient, and secure data processing. In this context, implementing machine learning (ML) models with real-valued weight parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ce Feng , Parv Venkitasubramaniam

We investigate the problem of finding second-order stationary points (SOSP) in differentially private (DP) stochastic non-convex optimization. Existing methods suffer from two key limitations: (i) inaccurate convergence error rate due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Youming Tao , Zuyuan Zhang , Dongxiao Yu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Falko Dressler , Di Wang

We study the Differential Privacy (DP) guarantee of hidden-state Noisy-SGD algorithms over a bounded domain. Standard privacy analysis for Noisy-SGD assumes all internal states are revealed, which leads to a divergent R'enyi DP bound with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Eli Chien , Pan Li

Deep learning models leak significant amounts of information about their training datasets. Previous work has investigated training models with differential privacy (DP) guarantees through adding DP noise to the gradients. However, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Milad Nasr , Reza Shokri , Amir houmansadr

Differentially private learning algorithms inject noise into the learning process. While the most common private learning algorithm, DP-SGD, adds independent Gaussian noise in each iteration, recent work on matrix factorization mechanisms…

Differential privacy (DP) is a popular mechanism for training machine learning models with bounded leakage about the presence of specific points in the training data. The cost of differential privacy is a reduction in the model's accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Eugene Bagdasaryan , Vitaly Shmatikov

Differentially Private (DP) learning has seen limited success for building large deep learning models of text, and straightforward attempts at applying Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) to NLP tasks have resulted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Xuechen Li , Florian Tramèr , Percy Liang , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Recent research shows that modern deep learning models achieve high predictive accuracy partly by memorizing individual training samples. Such memorization raises serious privacy concerns, motivating the widespread adoption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jiaming Zhang , Huanyi Xie , Meng Ding , Shaopeng Fu , Jinyan Liu , Di Wang

We introduce a clipping strategy for Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) which uses quantiles of the gradient norm as clipping thresholds. We prove that this new strategy provides a robust and efficient optimization algorithm for smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-15 Ibrahim Merad , Stéphane Gaïffas

In this paper, we propose a Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Push with Compressed communication (termed DP-CSGP) for decentralized learning over directed graphs. Different from existing works, the proposed algorithm is designed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zehan Zhu , Heng Zhao , Yan Huang , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Shouling Ji , Jinming Xu

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a cornerstone technique for ensuring privacy in deep learning, widely used in both training from scratch and fine-tuning large-scale language models. While DP-SGD predominantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Meisam Mohammady , Qin Yang , Nicholas Stout , Ayesha Samreen , Han Wang , Christopher J Quinn , Yuan Hong

Many high-stakes applications require machine learning models that protect user privacy and provide well-calibrated, accurate predictions. While Differential Privacy (DP) is the gold standard for protecting user privacy, standard DP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ossi Räisä , Stratis Markou , Matthew Ashman , Wessel P. Bruinsma , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela , Richard E. Turner

Federated learning enables training machine learning models while preserving the privacy of participants. Surprisingly, there is no differentially private distributed method for smooth, non-convex optimization problems. The reason is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Egor Shulgin , Sarit Khirirat , Peter Richtárik

Optimization under heavy-tailed noise has become popular recently, since it better fits many modern machine learning tasks, as captured by empirical observations. Concretely, instead of a finite second moment on gradient noise, a bounded…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zijian Liu

When we enforce differential privacy in machine learning, the utility-privacy trade-off is different w.r.t. each group. Gradient clipping and random noise addition disproportionately affect underrepresented and complex classes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Depeng Xu , Wei Du , Xintao Wu