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This paper investigates deep neural networks for radio signal classification. Instead of performing modulation recognition and combining it with further analysis methods, the classifier operates directly on the IQ data of the signals and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-12 Stefan Scholl

This paper presents a deep learning approach to the classification of 160 shortwave radio signals. It addresses the typical challenges of the shortwave spectrum, which are the large number of different signal types, the presence of various…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-09 Stefan Scholl

Among the biggest challenges we face in utilizing neural networks trained on waveform data (i.e., seismic, electromagnetic, or ultrasound) is its application to real data. The requirement for accurate labels forces us to develop solutions…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Tariq Alkhalifah , Hanchen Wang , Oleg Ovcharenko

Hardware imperfections in RF transmitters introduce features that can be used to identify a specific transmitter amongst others. Supervised deep learning has shown good performance in this task but using datasets not applicable to real…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-21 Cyrille Morin , Leonardo Cardoso , Jakob Hoydis , Jean-Marie Gorce , Thibaud Vial

Radio frequency (RF) signal recognition plays a critical role in modern wireless communication and security applications. Deep learning-based approaches have achieved strong performance but typically rely heavily on extensive training data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Lukas Henneke , Frank Kurth

Transfer learning (TL) techniques, which leverage prior knowledge gained from data with different distributions to achieve higher performance and reduced training time, are often used in computer vision (CV) and natural language processing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-05 Lauren J. Wong , Sean McPherson , Alan J. Michaels

Applications of machine learning are subject to three major components that contribute to the final performance metrics. Within the category of neural networks, and deep learning specifically, the first two are the architecture for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 William H. Clark , Steven Hauser , William C. Headley , Alan J. Michaels

We present a method for training neural networks with synthetic electrocardiograms that mimic signals produced by a wearable single lead electrocardiogram monitor. We use domain randomization where the synthetic signal properties such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Matti Kaisti , Juho Laitala , Antti Airola

Modulation classification, an intermediate process between signal detection and demodulation in a physical layer, is now attracting more interest to the cognitive radio field, wherein the performance is powered by artificial intelligence…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-07 Thien Huynh-The , Van-Sang Doan , Cam-Hao Hua , Quoc-Viet Pham , Dong-Seong Kim

This paper presents a novel method for classifying radio frequency (RF) devices from their transmission signals. Given a collection of signals from identical devices, we accurately classify both the distance of the transmission and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-13 Ryan M. Dreifuerst , Andrew Graff , Sidharth Kumar , Clive Unger , Dylan Bray

Existing datasets used to train deep learning models for narrowband radio frequency (RF) signal classification lack enough diversity in signal types and channel impairments to sufficiently assess model performance in the real world. We…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) designed for computer vision and natural language processing tasks cannot be directly applied to the radio frequency (RF) datasets. To address this challenge, we propose to convert the raw RF data to data types…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Umar Khalid , Nazmul Karim , Nazanin Rahnavard

Unlike areas such as computer vision and speech recognition where convolutional and recurrent neural networks-based approaches have proven effective to the nature of the respective areas of application, deep learning (DL) still lacks a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-14 Khalid Youssef , Greg Schuette , Yubin Cai , Daisong Zhang , Yikun Huang , Yahya Rahmat-Samii , Louis-S. Bouchard

The paper considers the problem of deep-learning-based classification of digitally modulated signals using I/Q data and studies the generalization ability of a trained neural network (NN) to correctly classify digitally modulated signals it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 John A. Snoap , Dimitrie C. Popescu , Chad M. Spooner

Serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei exhibit diverse electrophysiological properties and functional roles, yet conventional identification methods rely on restrictive criteria that likely overlook atypical serotonergic cells. The use of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-09 Daniele Corradetti , Alessandro Bernardi , Renato Corradetti

Spectrum sensing is a key technology for cognitive radios. We present spectrum sensing as a classification problem and propose a sensing method based on deep learning classification. We normalize the received signal power to overcome the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-16 Shilian Zheng , Shichuan Chen , Peihan Qi , Huaji Zhou , Xiaoniu Yang

Neural networks need big annotated datasets for training. However, manual annotation can be too expensive or even unfeasible for certain tasks, like multi-person 2D pose estimation with severe occlusions. A remedy for this is synthetic data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-05 David T. Hoffmann , Dimitrios Tzionas , Micheal J. Black , Siyu Tang

This study presents an ML approach for classifying digital radio operating modes evaluated on real-world transmissions. We generated 98 different parameterized radio signals from 17 digital operating modes, transmitted each of them on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Maximilian Bundscherer , Thomas H. Schmitt , Ilja Baumann , Tobias Bocklet

Training computer vision models usually requires collecting and labeling vast amounts of imagery under a diverse set of scene configurations and properties. This process is incredibly time-consuming, and it is challenging to ensure that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Yunhao Ge , Harkirat Behl , Jiashu Xu , Suriya Gunasekar , Neel Joshi , Yale Song , Xin Wang , Laurent Itti , Vibhav Vineet

Channel estimation is crucial in wireless communications. However, in many papers neural networks are frequently tested by training and testing on one example channel or similar channels. This is because data-driven methods often degrade on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Dianxin Luan , John Thompson
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