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In this paper, we study a class of spatially coupled turbo codes, namely partially information- and partially parity-coupled turbo codes. This class of codes enjoy several advantages such as flexible code rate adjustment by varying the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Min Qiu , Xiaowei Wu , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Jinhong Yuan

We describe a method to use measurements and correction operations in order to implement the Clifford group in a stabilizer code, generalising a result from [Bombin,2011] for topological subsystem colour codes. In subsystem stabilizer codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Darren Banfield , Heather Leitch , Alastair Kay

We present a new method to measure the top quark pair production cross section and the background rates with 2.7 fb$^{-1}$ of data from $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =1.96$ TeV collected with the CDF II Detector. The size of the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-08-14 T. Aaltonen , B. Alvarez Gonzalez , S. Amerio , D. Amidei , A. Anastassov , A. Annovi , J. Antos , G. Apollinari , J. A. Appel , A. Apresyan , T. Arisawa , A. Artikov , J. Asaadi , W. Ashmanskas , B. Auerbach , A. Aurisano , F. Azfar , W. Badgett , A. Barbaro-Galtieri , V. E. Barnes , B. A. Barnett , P. Barria , P. Bartos , M. Bauce , G. Bauer , F. Bedeschi , D. Beecher , S. Behari , G. Bellettini , J. Bellinger , D. Benjamin , A. Beretvas , A. Bhatti , M. Binkley , D. Bisello , I. Bizjak , K. R. Bland , B. Blumenfeld , A. Bocci , A. Bodek , D. Bortoletto , J. Boudreau , A. Boveia , B. Braua , L. Brigliadori , A. Brisuda , C. Bromberg , E. Brucken , M. Bucciantonio , J. Budagov , H. S. Budd , S. Budd , K. Burkett , G. Busetto , P. Bussey , A. Buzatu , C. Calancha , S. Camarda , M. Campanelli , M. Campbell , F. Canelli , A. Canepa , B. Carls , D. Carlsmith , R. Carosi , S. Carrillok , S. Carron , B. Casal , M. Casarsa , A. Castro , P. Catastini , D. Cauz , V. Cavaliere , M. Cavalli-Sforza , A. Cerrif , L. Cerrito , Y. C. Chen , M. Chertok , G. Chiarelli , G. Chlachidze , F. Chlebana , K. Cho , D. Chokheli , J. P. Chou , W. H. Chung , Y. S. Chung , C. I. Ciobanu , M. A. Ciocci , A. Clark , G. Compostella , M. E. Convery , J. Conway , M. Corbo , M. Cordelli , C. A. Cox , D. J. Cox , F. Crescioli , C. Cuenca Almenar , J. Cuevas , R. Culbertson , D. Dagenhart , N. d'Ascenzo , M. Datta , P. de Barbaro , S. De Cecco , G. De Lorenzo , M. Dell'Orso , C. Deluca , L. Demortier , J. Deng , M. Deninno , F. Devoto , M. d'Errico , A. Di Canto , B. Di Ruzza , J. R. Dittmann , M. D'Onofrio , S. Donati , P. Dong , M. Dorigo , T. Dorigo , K. Ebina , A. Elagin , A. Eppig , R. Erbacher , D. Errede , S. Errede , N. Ershaidat , R. Eusebi , H. C. Fang , S. Farrington , M. Feindt , J. P. Fernandez , C. Ferrazza , R. Field , G. Flanagan , R. Forrest , M. J. Frank , M. Franklin , J. C. Freeman , Y. Funakoshi , I. Furic , M. Gallinaro , J. Galyardt , J. E. Garcia , A. F. Garfinkel , P. Garosi , H. Gerberich , E. Gerchtein , S. Giagu , V. Giakoumopoulou , P. Giannetti , K. Gibson , C. M. Ginsburg , N. Giokaris , P. Giromini , M. Giunta , G. Giurgiu , V. Glagolev , D. Glenzinski , M. Gold , D. Goldin , N. Goldschmidt , A. Golossanov , G. Gomez , G. Gomez-Ceballos , M. Goncharov , O. Gonzalez , I. Gorelov , A. T. Goshaw , K. Goulianos , A. Gresele , S. Grinstein , C. Grosso-Pilcher , R. C. Group , J. Guimaraes da Costa , Z. Gunay-Unalan , C. Haber , S. R. Hahn , E. Halkiadakis , A. Hamaguchi , J. Y. Han , F. Happacher , K. Hara , D. Hare , M. Hare , R. F. Harr , K. Hatakeyama , C. Hays , M. Heck , J. Heinrich , M. Herndon , S. Hewamanage , D. Hidas , A. Hocker , W. Hopkins , D. Horn , S. Hou , R. E. Hughes , M. Hurwitz , U. Husemann , N. Hussain , M. Hussein , J. Huston , G. Introzzi , M. Iori , A. Ivanovo , E. James , D. Jang , B. Jayatilaka , E. J. Jeon , M. K. Jha , S. Jindariani , W. Johnson , M. Jones , K. K. Joo , S. Y. Jun , T. R. Junk , T. Kamon , P. E. Karchin , Y. Katon , W. Ketchum , J. Keung , V. Khotilovich , B. Kilminster , D. H. Kim , H. S. Kim , H. W. Kim , J. E. Kim , M. J. Kim , S. B. Kim , S. H. Kim , Y. K. Kim , N. Kimura , M. Kirby , S. Klimenko , K. Kondo , D. J. Kong , J. Konigsberg , A. V. Kotwal , M. Kreps , J. Kroll , D. Krop , N. Krumnack , M. Kruse , V. Krutelyov , T. Kuhr , M. Kurata , S. Kwang , A. T. Laasanen , S. Lami , S. Lammel , M. Lancaster , R. L. Lander , K. Lannon , A. Lath , G. Latino , I. Lazzizzera , T. LeCompte , E. Lee , H. S. Lee , J. S. Lee , S. W. Lee , S. Leo , S. Leone , J. D. Lewis , C. -J. Lin , J. Linacre , M. Lindgren , E. Lipeles , A. Lister , D. O. Litvintsev , C. Liu , Q. Liu , T. Liu , S. Lockwitz , N. S. Lockyer , A. Loginov , D. Lucchesi , J. Lueck , P. Lujan , P. Lukens , G. Lungu , J. Lys , R. Lysak , R. Madrak , K. Maeshima , K. Makhoul , P. Maksimovic , S. Malik , G. Manca , M. L. Mangano , A. Manousakis-Katsikakis , F. Margaroli , C. Marino , M. Martınez , R. Martınez-Balların , P. Mastrandrea , M. Mathis , M. E. Mattson , P. Mazzanti , K. S. McFarland , P. McIntyre , R. McNultyi , A. Mehta , P. Mehtala , A. Menzione , C. Mesropian , T. Miao , D. Mietlicki , A. Mitra , H. Miyake , S. Moed , N. Moggi , M. N. Mondragon , C. S. Moon , R. Moore , M. J. Morello , J. Morlock , P. Movilla Fernandez , A. Mukherjee , Th. Muller , P. Murat , M. Mussini , J. Nachtman , Y. Nagai , J. Naganoma , I. Nakano , A. Napier , J. Nett , C. Neu , M. S. Neubauer , J. Nielsene , L. Nodulman , O. Norniella , E. Nurse , L. Oakes , S. H. Oh , Y. D. Oh , I. Oksuzian , T. Okusawa , R. Orava , L. Ortolan , S. Pagan Griso , C. Pagliarone , E. Palenciaf , V. Papadimitriou , A. A. Paramonov , J. Patrick , G. Pauletta , M. Paulini , C. Paus , D. E. Pellett , A. Penzo , T. J. Phillips , G. Piacentino , E. Pianori , J. Pilot , K. Pitts , C. Plager , L. Pondrom , K. Potamianos , O. Poukhov , F. Prokoshin , A. Pronko , F. Ptohos , E. Pueschel , G. Punzi , J. Pursley , A. Rahaman , V. Ramakrishnan , N. Ranjan , I. Redondo , P. Renton , M. Rescigno , F. Rimondi , L. Ristori , A. Robson , T. Rodrigo , T. Rodriguez , E. Rogers , S. Rolli , R. Roser , M. Rossi , F. Rubbo , F. Ruffini , A. Ruiz , J. Russ , V. Rusu , A. Safonov , W. K. Sakumoto , Y. Sakurai , L. Santi , L. Sartori , K. Sato , V. Saveliev , A. Savoy-Navarro , P. Schlabach , A. Schmidt , E. E. Schmidt , M. P. Schmidt , M. Schmitt , T. Schwarz , L. Scodellaro , A. Scribano , F. Scuri , A. Sedov , S. Seidel , Y. Seiya , A. Semenov , E. Sexton-Kennedy , F. Sforza , A. Sfyrla , S. Z. Shalhout , T. Shears , P. F. Shepard , M. Shimojimas , S. Shiraishi , M. Shochet , I. Shreyber , A. Simonenko , P. Sinervo , A. Sissakian , K. Sliwa , J. R. Smith , F. D. Snider , A. Soha , S. Somalwar , V. Sorin , P. Squillacioti , M. Stancari , M. Stanitzki , R. St. Denis , B. Stelzer , O. Stelzer-Chilton , D. Stentz , J. Strologas , G. L. Strycker , Y. Sudo , A. Sukhanov , I. Suslov , K. Takemasa , Y. Takeuchi , J. Tang , M. Tecchio , P. K. Teng , J. Thomg , J. Thome , G. A. Thompson , E. Thomson , P. Ttito-Guzman , S. Tkaczyk , D. Toback , S. Tokar , K. Tollefson , T. Tomura , D. Tonelli , S. Torre , D. Torretta , P. Totaro , M. Trovato , Y. Tu , F. Ukegawa , S. Uozumi , A. Varganov , F. Vazquez , G. Velev , C. Vellidis , M. Vidal , I. Vila , R. Vilar , M. Vogel , G. Volpi , P. Wagner , R. L. Wagner , T. Wakisaka , R. Wallny , S. M. Wang , A. Warburton , D. Waters , M. Weinberger , W. C. Wester , B. Whitehouse , D. Whiteson , A. B. Wicklund , E. Wicklund , S. Wilbur , F. Wick , H. H. Williams , J. S. Wilson , P. Wilson , B. L. Winer , P. Wittichg , S. Wolbers , H. Wolfe , T. Wright , X. Wu , Z. Wu , K. Yamamoto , J. Yamaoka , T. Yang , U. K. Yang , Y. C. Yang , W. -M. Yao , G. P. Yeh , K. Yim , J. Yoh , K. Yorita , T. Yoshidaj , G. B. Yu , I. Yu , S. S. Yu , J. C. Yun , A. Zanetti , Y. Zeng , S. Zucchelli

We study how a punctured surface code can turn many local $Z$-type couplings into one protected logical signal for distributed quantum metrology, where the goal is to estimate a weighted average of the coupling strengths. We consider an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Linmu Qiao , Zhichun Ouyang , Sisi Zhou

We simulate the logical Hadamard gate in the surface code under a circuit-level noise model, compiling it to a physical circuit on square-grid connectivity hardware. Our paper is the first to do this for a logical unitary gate on a quantum…

We analyze surface codes, the topological quantum error-correcting codes introduced by Kitaev. In these codes, qubits are arranged in a two-dimensional array on a surface of nontrivial topology, and encoded quantum operations are associated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Dennis , Alexei Kitaev , Andrew Landahl , John Preskill

Product codes (PCs) protect a two-dimensional array of bits using short component codes. Assuming transmission over the binary symmetric channel, the decoding is commonly performed by iteratively applying bounded-distance decoding to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister

Topological quantum error correction codes are extremely practical, typically requiring only a 2-D lattice of qubits with tunable nearest neighbor interactions yet tolerating high physical error rates p. It is computationally expensive to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-01 Austin G. Fowler

Quantum error correction is essential for bridging the gap between the error rates of physical devices and the extremely low logical error rates required for quantum algorithms. Recent error-correction demonstrations on superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Nathan Lacroix , Alexandre Bourassa , Francisco J. H. Heras , Lei M. Zhang , Johannes Bausch , Andrew W. Senior , Thomas Edlich , Noah Shutty , Volodymyr Sivak , Andreas Bengtsson , Matt McEwen , Oscar Higgott , Dvir Kafri , Jahan Claes , Alexis Morvan , Zijun Chen , Adam Zalcman , Sid Madhuk , Rajeev Acharya , Laleh Aghababaie Beni , Georg Aigeldinger , Ross Alcaraz , Trond I. Andersen , Markus Ansmann , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Abraham Asfaw , Juan Atalaya , Ryan Babbush , Brian Ballard , Joseph C. Bardin , Alexander Bilmes , Sam Blackwell , Jenna Bovaird , Dylan Bowers , Leon Brill , Michael Broughton , David A. Browne , Brett Buchea , Bob B. Buckley , Tim Burger , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Anthony Cabrera , Juan Campero , Hung-Shen Chang , Ben Chiaro , Liang-Ying Chih , Agnetta Y. Cleland , Josh Cogan , Roberto Collins , Paul Conner , William Courtney , Alexander L. Crook , Ben Curtin , Sayan Das , Sean Demura , Laura De Lorenzo , Agustin Di Paolo , Paul Donohoe , Ilya Drozdov , Andrew Dunsworth , Alec Eickbusch , Aviv Moshe Elbag , Mahmoud Elzouka , Catherine Erickson , Vinicius S. Ferreira , Leslie Flores Burgos , Ebrahim Forati , Austin G. Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Suhas Ganjam , Gonzalo Garcia , Robert Gasca , Élie Genois , William Giang , Dar Gilboa , Raja Gosula , Alejandro Grajales Dau , Dietrich Graumann , Alex Greene , Jonathan A. Gross , Tan Ha , Steve Habegger , Monica Hansen , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Stephen Heslin , Paula Heu , Reno Hiltermann , Jeremy Hilton , Sabrina Hong , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Ashley Huff , William J. Huggins , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Xiaoxuan Jin , Chaitali Joshi , Pavol Juhas , Andreas Kabel , Hui Kang , Amir H. Karamlou , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Trupti Khaire , Tanuj Khattar , Mostafa Khezri , Seon Kim , Paul V. Klimov , Bryce Kobrin , Alexander N. Korotkov , Fedor Kostritsa , John Mark Kreikebaum , Vladislav D. Kurilovich , David Landhuis , Tiano Lange-Dei , Brandon W. Langley , Pavel Laptev , Kim-Ming Lau , Justin Ledford , Kenny Lee , Brian J. Lester , Loïck Le Guevel , Wing Yan Li , Yin Li , Alexander T. Lill , William P. Livingston , Aditya Locharla , Erik Lucero , Daniel Lundahl , Aaron Lunt , Ashley Maloney , Salvatore Mandrà , Leigh S. Martin , Orion Martin , Cameron Maxfield , Jarrod R. McClean , Seneca Meeks , Anthony Megrant , Kevin C. Miao , Reza Molavi , Sebastian Molina , Shirin Montazeri , Ramis Movassagh , Charles Neill , Michael Newman , Anthony Nguyen , Murray Nguyen , Chia-Hung Ni , Murphy Y. Niu , Logan Oas , William D. Oliver , Raymond Orosco , Kristoffer Ottosson , Alex Pizzuto , Rebecca Potter , Orion Pritchard , Chris Quintana , Ganesh Ramachandran , Matthew J. Reagor , Rachel Resnick , David M. Rhodes , Gabrielle Roberts , Eliott Rosenberg , Emma Rosenfeld , Elizabeth Rossi , Pedram Roushan , Kannan Sankaragomathi , Henry F. Schurkus , Michael J. Shearn , Aaron Shorter , Vladimir Shvarts , Spencer Small , W. Clarke Smith , Sofia Springer , George Sterling , Jordan Suchard , Aaron Szasz , Alex Sztein , Douglas Thor , Eifu Tomita , Alfredo Torres , M. Mert Torunbalci , Abeer Vaishnav , Justin Vargas , Sergey Vdovichev , Guifre Vidal , Catherine Vollgraff Heidweiller , Steven Waltman , Jonathan Waltz , Shannon X. Wang , Brayden Ware , Travis Weidel , Theodore White , Kristi Wong , Bryan W. K. Woo , Maddy Woodson , Cheng Xing , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Bicheng Ying , Juhwan Yoo , Noureldin Yosri , Grayson Young , Yaxing Zhang , Ningfeng Zhu , Nicholas Zobrist , Hartmut Neven , Pushmeet Kohli , Alex Davies , Sergio Boixo , Julian Kelly , Cody Jones , Craig Gidney , Kevin J. Satzinger

Individual impurity atoms in silicon can make superb individual qubits, but it remains an immense challenge to build a multi-qubit processor: There is a basic conflict between nanometre separation desired for qubit-qubit interactions, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Joe O'Gorman , Naomi H. Nickerson , Philipp Ross , John J. L. Morton , Simon C. Benjamin

Geometric locality is an important theoretical and practical factor for quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes which affects code performance and ease of physical realization. For device architectures restricted to 2D local gates,…

Quantum error correction (QEC) and fault-tolerant (FT) mechanisms are essential for reliable quantum computing. However, QEC considerably increases the computation size up to four orders of magnitude. Moreover, FT implementation has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-20 L. Lao , B. van Wee , I. Ashraf , J. van Someren , N. Khammassi , K. Bertels , C. G. Almudever

Classical low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a widely deployed and well-established technology, forming the backbone of modern communication and storage systems. It is well known that, in this classical setting, increasing the girth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Kenta Kasai

Since the discovery of turbo codes 20 years ago and the subsequent re-discovery of low-density parity-check codes a few years later, the field of channel coding has experienced a number of major advances. Up until that time, code designers…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Daniel J. Costello, , Lara Dolecek , Thomas E. Fuja , Joerg Kliewer , David G. M. Mitchell , Roxana Smarandache

Quantum computing (QC) is at the cusp of a revolution. Machines with 100 quantum bits (qubits) are anticipated to be operational by 2020 [googlemachine,gambetta2015building], and several-hundred-qubit machines are around the corner.…

We show how a hyperbolic surface code could be used for overhead-efficient quantum storage. We give numerical evidence for a noise threshold of 1.3% for the {4,5}-hyperbolic surface code in a phenomenological noise model (as compared to…

Qubit shuttling promises to advance some quantum computing platforms to the qubit register sizes needed for effective quantum error correction (QEC), but also introduces additional errors whose impact must be evaluated. The established…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Berat Yenilen , Arnau Sala , Hendrik Bluhm , Markus Müller , Manuel Rispler

We study the fidelity of the surface code in the presence of correlated errors induced by the coupling of physical qubits to a bosonic environment. By mapping the time evolution of the system after one quantum error correction cycle onto a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-10 E. Novais , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

This article provides an introduction to surface code quantum computing. We first estimate the size and speed of a surface code quantum computer. We then introduce the concept of the stabilizer, using two qubits, and extend this concept to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 Austin G. Fowler , Matteo Mariantoni , John M. Martinis , Andrew N. Cleland

In this paper, we propose a comprehensive Polar coding solution that integrates reliability calculation, rate matching and parity-check coding. Judging a channel coding design from the industry's viewpoint, there are two primary concerns:…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Huazi Zhang , Rong Li , Jian Wang , Shengchen Dai , Gongzheng Zhang , Ying Chen , Hejia Luo , Jun Wang