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The convergence of blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) enables secure, decentralised, and verifiable data exchange across distributed smart environments. However, traditional blockchain frameworks suffer from inherent scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hasan Mahmud Rhidoy , Mahdi H. Miraz , Iftekhar Salam

Recent developments in blockchain technology have inspired innovative new designs in resilient distributed and database systems. At their core, these blockchain applications typically use Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus protocols to…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Suyash Gupta , Sajjad Rahnama , Jelle Hellings , Mohammad Sadoghi

Modern blockchains support a variety of distributed applications beyond cryptocurrencies, including smart contracts -- which let users execute arbitrary code in a distributed and decentralized fashion. Regardless of their intended…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Orestis Alpos , Christian Cachin , Giorgia Azzurra Marson , Luca Zanolini

Modern blockchains face a scalability challenge due to the intrinsic throughput limitations of consensus protocols. Layer 2 optimistic rollups (L2) are a faster alternative that offer the same interface in terms of smart contract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Margarita Capretto , Martín Ceresa , Antonio Fernández Anta , Pedro Moreno-Sánchez , César Sánchez

Most of the Blockchain permissioned systems employ Byzantine fault-tolerance (BFT) consensus protocols to ensure that honest validators agree on the order for appending entries to their ledgers. In this paper, we study the performance and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Salem Alqahtani , Murat Demirbas

Decentralized blockchain platforms have enabled the secure exchange of crypto-assets without the intermediation of trusted authorities. To this purpose, these platforms rely on a peer-to-peer network of byzantine nodes, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Massimo Bartoletti , Letterio Galletta , Maurizio Murgia

Leveraging blockchain in Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a new paradigm for secure collaborative learning on Massive Edge Networks (MENs). As the scale of MENs increases, it becomes more difficult to implement and manage a blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Handi Chen , Rui Zhou , Yun-Hin Chan , Zhihan Jiang , Xianhao Chen , Edith C. H. Ngai

SBFT is a state of the art Byzantine fault tolerant permissioned blockchain system that addresses the challenges of scalability, decentralization and world-scale geo-replication. SBFTis optimized for decentralization and can easily handle…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Guy Golan Gueta , Ittai Abraham , Shelly Grossman , Dahlia Malkhi , Benny Pinkas , Michael K. Reiter , Dragos-Adrian Seredinschi , Orr Tamir , Alin Tomescu

The Bitcoin protocol is a significant milestone in the history of money. However, its adoption is currently constrained by the transaction limits of the system. As the chief problem of blockchain technology, the scaling issue has attracted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Kazım Rıfat Özyılmaz , Harsh Patel , Ankit Malik

Blockchain Sharding is a blockchain performance enhancement approach. By splitting a blockchain into several parallel-run committees (shards), it helps increase transaction throughput, reduce computational resources required, and increase…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Yibin Xu , Jianhua Shao , Yangyu Huang , Tijs Slaats , Boris Düdder

Public blockchains have spurred the growing popularity of decentralized transactions and smart contracts, but they exhibit limitations on the transaction throughput, storage, and computation. To avoid transaction gridlock, public…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Nikolay Ivanov , Qiben Yan , Qingyang Wang

The decentralized cryptocurrency Bitcoin has experienced great success but also encountered many challenges. One of the challenges has been the long confirmation time. Another challenge is the lack of incentives at certain steps of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Ittai Abraham , Dahlia Malkhi , Kartik Nayak , Ling Ren , Alexander Spiegelman

Although blockchains have become widely popular for their use in cryptocurrencies, they are now becoming pervasive as more traditional applications adopt blockchain to ensure data security. Despite being a secured network, blockchains have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Faisal Haque Bappy , Tariqul Islam , Tarannum Shaila Zaman , Md Sajidul Islam Sajid , Mir Mehedi Ahsan Pritom

With the rapid development of blockchain and its applications, the amount of data stored on decentralized storage networks (DSNs) has grown exponentially. DSNs bring together affordable storage resources from around the world to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Hechuan Guo , Minghui Xu , Jiahao Zhang , Chunchi Liu , Rajiv Ranjan , Dongxiao Yu , Xiuzhen Cheng

Bitcoin rise has put blockchain technology into the mainstream, amplifying its potential and broad utility. While Bitcoin has become incredibly famous, its transaction rate has not match such a corresponding increase. It still takes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Han Song , Zhongche Qu , Yihao Wei

The set of distributed ledger architectures known as blockchain is best known for cryptocurrency applications such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. These permissionless block chains are showing the potential to be disruptive to the financial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Sara Rouhani , Luke Butterworth , Adam D. Simmons , Darryl G. Humphery , Ralph Deters

Sharding has shown great potential to scale out blockchains. It divides nodes into smaller groups which allow for partial transaction processing, relaying and storage. Hence, instead of running one blockchain, we will run multiple…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Pourya Soltani , Farid Ashtiani

As an append-only distributed database, blockchain is utilized in a vast variety of applications including the cryptocurrency and Internet-of-Things (IoT). The existing blockchain solutions have downsides in communication and storage…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yahya Hassanzadeh-Nazarabadi , Alptekin Küpçü , Öznur Özkasap

Consensus is arguably one of the most important notions in distributed computing. Among asynchronous, randomized, and signature-free implementations, the protocols of Most\'efaoui et al. (PODC 2014 and JACM 2015) represent a landmark…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Christian Cachin , Luca Zanolini

Cryptocurrencies, implemented with blockchain protocols, promise to become a global payment system if they can overcome performance limitations. Rapidly advancing architectures improve on latency and throughput, but most require all…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Alex Manuskin , Michael Mirkin , Ittay Eyal