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Dimensionality reduction is a crucial first step for many unsupervised learning tasks including anomaly detection and clustering. Autoencoder is a popular mechanism to accomplish dimensionality reduction. In order to make dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Imtiaz Ahmed , Travis Galoppo , Xia Hu , Yu Ding

Anomaly detection plays a crucial role in various real-world applications, including healthcare and finance systems. Owing to the limited number of anomaly labels in these complex systems, unsupervised anomaly detection methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zongyuan Huang , Baohua Zhang , Guoqiang Hu , Longyuan Li , Yanyan Xu , Yaohui Jin

Manifold learning aims to discover and represent low-dimensional structures underlying high-dimensional data while preserving critical topological and geometric properties. Existing methods often fail to capture local details with global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Ren Wang , Pengcheng Zhou

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to detect defective parts of a sample by having access, during training, to a set of normal, i.e. defect-free, data. It has many applications in fields, such as industrial inspection or medical imaging,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Robin Trombetta , Carole Lartizien

Autoencoders are unsupervised deep learning models used for learning representations. In literature, autoencoders have shown to perform well on a variety of tasks spread across multiple domains, thereby establishing widespread…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Maneet Singh , Shruti Nagpal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh , Afzel Noore

Previous industrial anomaly detection methods often struggle to handle the extensive diversity in training sets, particularly when they contain stylistically diverse and feature-rich samples, which we categorize as feature-rich anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Fengjie Wang , Chengming Liu , Lei Shi , Pang Haibo

How can we detect anomalies: that is, samples that significantly differ from a given set of high-dimensional data, such as images or sensor data? This is a practical problem with numerous applications and is also relevant to the goal of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Adam Goodge , Bryan Hooi , See Kiong Ng , Wee Siong Ng

Supervised anomaly detection methods perform well in identifying known anomalies that are well represented in the training set. However, they often struggle to generalise beyond the training distribution due to decision boundaries that lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zahra Zamanzadeh Darban , Qizhou Wang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Geoffrey I. Webb , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Mahsa Salehi

Anomaly detection is a crucial task in various domains. Most of the existing methods assume the normal sample data clusters around a single central prototype while the real data may consist of multiple categories or subgroups. In addition,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-03 Zhijin Dong , Hongzhi Liu , Boyuan Ren , Weimin Xiong , Zhonghai Wu

Visual anomaly detection (AD) for industrial inspection is a highly relevant task in modern production environments. The problem becomes particularly challenging when training and deployment data differ due to changes in acquisition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Lukas Roming , Felix Lehnerer , Jonas V. Funk , Andreas Michel , Georg Maier , Thomas Längle , Jürgen Beyerer

This paper addresses video anomaly detection problem for videosurveillance. Due to the inherent rarity and heterogeneity of abnormal events, the problem is viewed as a normality modeling strategy, in which our model learns object-centric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Khalil Bergaoui , Yassine Naji , Aleksandr Setkov , Angélique Loesch , Michèle Gouiffès , Romaric Audigier

Object detection is a pivotal task in computer vision that has received significant attention in previous years. Nonetheless, the capability of a detector to localise objects out of the training distribution remains unexplored. Whilst…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Brian K. S. Isaac-Medina , Yona Falinie A. Gaus , Neelanjan Bhowmik , Toby P. Breckon

It is hard to collect enough flaw images for training deep learning network in industrial production. Therefore, existing industrial anomaly detection methods prefer to use CNN-based unsupervised detection and localization network to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Jianfeng Huang , Chenyang Li , Yimin Lin , Shiguo Lian

Detecting anomalies in musculoskeletal radiographs is of paramount importance for large-scale screening in the radiology workflow. Supervised deep networks take for granted a large number of annotations by radiologists, which is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Antoine Spahr , Behzad Bozorgtabar , Jean-Philippe Thiran

Anomaly detection is fundamental yet, challenging problem with practical applications in industry. The current approaches neglect the higher-order dependencies within the networks of interconnected sensors in the high-dimensional time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Rajat Kumar Sarkar , Venkataramana Runkana

A new Lossy Causal Temporal Convolutional Neural Network Autoencoder for anomaly detection is proposed in this work. Our framework uses a rate-distortion loss and an entropy bottleneck to learn a compressed latent representation for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Christopher P. Ley , Jorge F. Silva

Semi-supervised anomaly detection aims to detect anomalies from normal samples using a model that is trained on normal data. With recent advancements in deep learning, researchers have designed efficient deep anomaly detection methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hadi Hojjati , Narges Armanfard

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Nicolas Pinon , Carole Lartizien

In this paper, we proposed to investigate unsupervised anomaly detection in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. Our approach considers anomalies as abnormal patterns that deviate from their surroundings but without any prior knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Max Muzeau , Chengfang Ren , Sébastien Angelliaume , Mihai Datcu , Jean-Philippe Ovarlez

In anomaly detection, a prominent task is to induce a model to identify anomalies learned solely based on normal data. Generally, one is interested in finding an anomaly detector that correctly identifies anomalies, i.e., data points that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 David Schubert , Pritha Gupta , Marcel Wever