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Artificial intelligence systems, especially those using machine learning, are being deployed in domains from hiring to loan issuance in order to automate these complex decisions. Judging both the effectiveness and fairness of these AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Disa Sariola , Patrick Button , Aron Culotta , Nicholas Mattei

Concerns about the societal impact of AI-based services and systems has encouraged governments and other organisations around the world to propose AI policy frameworks to address fairness, accountability, transparency and related topics. To…

In recent years, there has been a stimulating discussion on how artificial intelligence (AI) can support the science and engineering of intelligent educational applications. Many studies in the field are proposing actionable data mining…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Gianni Fenu , Roberta Galici , Mirko Marras

AI audits are an increasingly popular mechanism for algorithmic accountability; however, they remain poorly defined. Without a clear understanding of audit practices, let alone widely used standards or regulatory guidance, claims that an AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Sasha Costanza-Chock , Emma Harvey , Inioluwa Deborah Raji , Martha Czernuszenko , Joy Buolamwini

An increasing number of regulations propose AI audits as a mechanism for achieving transparency and accountability for artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Despite some converging norms around various forms of AI auditing, auditing for the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Khoa Lam , Benjamin Lange , Borhane Blili-Hamelin , Jovana Davidovic , Shea Brown , Ali Hasan

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more prevalent, ensuring fairness in their design becomes increasingly important. This survey focuses on the subdomains of social media and healthcare, examining the concepts of fairness,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Aditya Singhal , Hasnaat Tanveer , Vijay Mago

Software testing ensures that a system functions correctly, meets specified requirements, and maintains high quality. As artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) technologies become integral to software systems, testing has evolved…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ronnie de Souza Santos , Matheus de Morais Leca , Reydne Santos , Cleyton Magalhaes

Artificial intelligence (AI) ethics has gained significant momentum, evidenced by the growing body of published literature, policy guidelines, and public discourse. However, the practical implementation and adoption of AI ethics principles…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Sarah Hladikova , Yuling Wang , Andreia Martinho

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and optimization hold substantial promise for improving the efficiency, reliability, and resilience of engineered systems. Due to the networked nature of many engineered systems, ethically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Rosemarie Santa Gonzalez , Ryan Piansky , Sue M Bae , Justin Biddle , Daniel Molzahn

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly influences decisions in critical societal sectors, understanding and establishing causality becomes essential for evaluating the fairness of automated systems. This article explores the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Ruta Binkyte , Ljupcho Grozdanovski , Sami Zhioua

Fairlearn is an open source project to help practitioners assess and improve fairness of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The associated Python library, also named fairlearn, supports evaluation of a model's output across affected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Hilde Weerts , Miroslav Dudík , Richard Edgar , Adrin Jalali , Roman Lutz , Michael Madaio

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated remarkable capabilities in domains such as recruitment, finance, healthcare, and the judiciary. However, biases in AI systems raise ethical and societal concerns, emphasizing the need for…

Thanks to the great progress of machine learning in the last years, several Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been increasingly moving from the controlled research laboratory settings to our everyday life. AI is clearly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Tatiana Tommasi , Silvia Bucci , Barbara Caputo , Pietro Asinari

With the widespread use of AI systems and applications in our everyday lives, it is important to take fairness issues into consideration while designing and engineering these types of systems. Such systems can be used in many sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Ninareh Mehrabi , Fred Morstatter , Nripsuta Saxena , Kristina Lerman , Aram Galstyan

AI auditing is a rapidly growing field of research and practice. This review article, which doubles as an editorial to Digital Societys topical collection on Auditing of AI, provides an overview of previous work in the field. Three key…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jakob Mokander

As artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly becomes an integral part of our societal and individual activities, there is a growing imperative to develop responsible AI solutions. Despite a diverse assortment of machine learning fairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jessica Liu , Huaming Chen , Jun Shen , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

Machine learning systems are increasingly used to support public sector decision-making across a variety of sectors. Given concerns around accountability in these domains, and amidst accusations of intentional or unintentional bias, there…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Michael Veale

Fairness in AI and machine learning systems has become a fundamental problem in the accountability of AI systems. While the need for accountability of AI models is near ubiquitous, healthcare in particular is a challenging field where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ming Yuan , Vikas Kumar , Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad , Ankur Teredesai

An increasing number of decisions regarding the daily lives of human beings are being controlled by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in spheres ranging from healthcare, transportation, and education to college admissions,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Dana Pessach , Erez Shmueli

The rapid trend of deploying artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems in socially consequential domains has raised growing concerns about their trustworthiness, including potential discriminatory behaviours. Research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yijun Bian , Lei You , Yuya Sasaki , Haruka Maeda , Akira Igarashi