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We consider numerical methods for thermodynamic sampling, i.e. computing sequences of points distributed according to the Gibbs-Boltzmann distribution, using Langevin dynamics and overdamped Langevin dynamics (Brownian dynamics). A wide…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-01-13 Benedict Leimkuhler , Charles Matthews , Gabriel Stoltz

We propose a general variance reduction strategy for diffusion processes. Our approach does not require the knowledge of the measure that is sampled, which may indeed be unknown as for nonequilibrium dynamics in statistical physics. We show…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Julien Roussel , Gabriel Stoltz

Control variates are a well-established tool to reduce the variance of Monte Carlo estimators. However, for large-scale problems including high-dimensional and large-sample settings, their advantages can be outweighed by a substantial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-22 Shijing Si , Chris. J. Oates , Andrew B. Duncan , Lawrence Carin , François-Xavier Briol

We study Langevin dynamics with a kinetic energy different from the standard, quadratic one in order to accelerate the sampling of Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions. In particular, this kinetic energy can be non-globally Lipschitz, which raises…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-15 Gabriel Stoltz , Zofia Trstanova

Explicit, momentum-based dynamics for optimizing functions defined on Lie groups was recently constructed, based on techniques such as variational optimization and left trivialization. We appropriately add tractable noise to the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Lingkai Kong , Molei Tao

We investigate, both analytically and with numerical simulations, a Monte Carlo dynamics at zero temperature, where a random walker evolving in continuous space and discrete time seeks to minimize its potential energy, by decreasing this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-12 Alexei D. Chepelianskii , Satya N. Majumdar , Hendrik Schawe , Emmanuel Trizac

We systematically develop beneficial and practical velocity measures for accurate and efficient statistical simulations of the Langevin equation with direct applications to computational statistical mechanics and molecular dynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-25 Niels Grønbech-Jensen

Diffusion in a multidimensional energy surface with minima and barriers is a problem of importance in statistical mechanics and also has wide applications, such as protein folding. To understand it in such a system, we carry out theory and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-29 Subhajit Acharya , Biman Bagchi

Building upon recent developments of force-based estimators with a reduced variance for the computation of densities, radial distribution functions or local transport properties from molecular simulations, we show that the variance can be…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Samuel W. Coles , Etienne Mangaud , Daan Frenkel , Benjamin Rotenberg

We present a theory of modified reduced dynamics in the presence of counting fields. Reduced dynamics techniques are useful for describing open quantum systems at long emergent timescales when the memory timescales are short. However, they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Felix A. Pollock , Emanuel Gull , K. Modi , Guy Cohen

The Langevin dynamics is a diffusion process extensively used, in particular in molecular dynamics simulations, to sample Gibbs measures. Some alternatives based on (piecewise deterministic) kinetic velocity jump processes have gained…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Nicolaï Gouraud , Lucas Journel , Pierre Monmarché

The control variates method is a classical variance reduction technique for Monte Carlo estimators that exploits correlated auxiliary variables without introducing bias. In many applications, the quantity of interest can be expressed as a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Louison Bocquet-Nouaille , Jérôme Morio , Benjamin Bobbia

Langevin algorithms are popular Markov chain Monte Carlo methods that are often used to solve high-dimensional large-scale sampling problems in machine learning. The most classical Langevin Monte Carlo algorithm is based on the overdamped…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Nian Yao , Pervez Ali , Xihua Tao , Lingjiong Zhu

Monte Carlo simulations are widely used to simulate complex molecular systems, but standard approaches suffer from metastability. Lately, the use of non-local proposal updates in a collective-variable (CV) space has been proposed in several…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-20 Christoph Schönle , Davide Carbone , Marylou Gabrié , Tony Lelièvre , Gabriel Stoltz

The discretization of overdamped Langevin dynamics, through schemes such as the Euler-Maruyama method, can be corrected by some acceptance/rejection rule, based on a Metropolis-Hastings criterion for instance. In this case, the invariant…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-06 Max Fathi , Gabriel Stoltz

We study Langevin-type algorithms for sampling from Gibbs distributions such that the potentials are dissipative and their weak gradients have finite moduli of continuity not necessarily convergent to zero. Our main result is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Shogo Nakakita

We consider Adaptively Restrained Langevin dynamics, in which the kinetic energy function vanishes for small velocities. Properly parameterized, this dynamics makes it possible to reduce the computational complexity of updating…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-28 Zofia Trstanova , Stephane Redon

In molecular dynamics, penalized overdamped Langevin dynamics are used to model the motion of a set of particles that follow constraints up to a parameter $\varepsilon$. The most used schemes for simulating these dynamics are the Euler…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Adrien Laurent

We consider the convergence of kinetic Langevin dynamics to its ergodic invariant measure, which is Gibbs distribution. Instead of the standard setup where the friction coefficient is a constant scalar, we investigate position-dependent…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Keunwoo Lim , Molei Tao

We show that the coarse-grained dynamics model with the time-dependent and fluctuating potential (transient potential) can be derived from the microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics. The concept of the transient potential was first introduced…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-04-18 Takashi Uneyama