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In this paper we improve the spectral convergence rates for graph-based approximations of Laplace-Beltrami operators constructed from random data. We utilize regularity of the continuum eigenfunctions and strong pointwise consistency…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Jeff Calder , Nicolas Garcia Trillos

HyperBagGraphs (hb-graphs as short) extend hypergraphs by allowing the hyperedges to be multisets. Multisets are composed of elements that have a multiplicity. When this multiplicity has positive integer values, it corresponds to non…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Xavier Ouvrard , Jean-Marie Le Goff , Stephane Marchand-Maillet

We consider a hierarchy of graph invariants that naturally extends the spectral invariants defined by F\"urer (Lin. Alg. Appl. 2010) based on the angles formed by the set of standard basis vectors and their projections onto eigenspaces of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-06 V. Arvind , Frank Fuhlbrück , Johannes Köbler , Oleg Verbitsky

Graphs (i.e., networks) have become an integral tool for the representation and analysis of relational data. Advances in data gathering have lead to multi-relational data sets which exhibit greater depth and scope. In certain cases, this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Gregory J. Clark , Felipe Thomaz , Andrew Stephen

The power graph $\mathscr{P}(G)$ of a group $G$ is an undirected graph with all the elements of $G$ as vertices and where any two vertices $u$ and $v$ are adjacent if and only if $u=v^m $ or $v=u^m$, $ m \in$ $\mathbb{Z}$. For a simple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Komal Kumari , Pratima Panigrahi

A basic fact in spectral graph theory is that the number of connected components in an undirected graph is equal to the multiplicity of the eigenvalue zero in the Laplacian matrix of the graph. In particular, the graph is disconnected if…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-24 James R. Lee , Shayan Oveis Gharan , Luca Trevisan

If $G$ is a graph, its Laplacian is the difference between diagonal matrix of its vertex degrees and its adjacency matrix. A one-edge connection of two graphs $G_{1}$ and $G_{2}$ is a graph $G=G_{1}\odot G_{2}$ with $V(G)=V(G_{1})\cup…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Doost Ali Mojdeh , Mohammad Habibi , Masoumeh Farkhondeh

Hypergraphs have seen widespread application in network and data science communities in recent years. We present a survey of recent work to construct auxiliary structures from hypergraphs -- specifically simplicial, relative, and chain…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Ellen Gasparovic , Emilie Purvine , Radmila Sazdanovic , Bei Wang , Yusu Wang , Lori Ziegelmeier

The celebrated Cheeger's Inequality establishes a bound on the edge expansion of a graph via its spectrum. This inequality is central to a rich spectral theory of graphs, based on studying the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the adjacency…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-05-06 T-H. Hubert Chan , Anand Louis , Zhihao Gavin Tang , Chenzi Zhang

We give some graph theoretical formulas for the trace $Tr_k(\mathbb {T})$ of a tensor $\mathbb {T}$ which do not involve the differential operators and auxiliary matrix. As applications of these trace formulas in the study of the spectra of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Jia-Yu Shao , Liqun Qi , Shenglong Hu

We study the algebraic connectivity (or second Laplacian eigenvalue) of token graphs, also called symmetric powers of graphs. The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of vertices from $G$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-05 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol

Adjacency between two vertices in graphs or hypergraphs is a pairwise relationship. It is redefined in this article as 2-adjacency. In general hypergraphs, hyperedges hold for $n$-adic relationship. To keep the $n$-adic relationship the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Xavier Ouvrard , Jean-Marie Le Goff , Stéphane Marchand-Maillet

The spectrum of a graph is closely related to many graph parameters. In particular, the spectral gap of a regular graph which is the difference between its valency and second eigenvalue, is widely seen an algebraic measure of connectivity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Jack H. Koolen , Masato Mimura , Hiroshi Nozaki , Takayuki Okuda

In this article we introduce a definition of k-uniform thresholds hypergraphs through a binary sequence, a natural extension of the classical definition for thresholds graphs. We characterize some of its eigenvalues and multiplicities by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Miriam Abdón , Lucas Portugal , Renata Del-Vecchio , Renata de Freitas

In graph signal processing, the graph adjacency matrix or the graph Laplacian commonly define the shift operator. The spectral decomposition of the shift operator plays an important role in that the eigenvalues represent frequencies and the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Stephen Kruzick , Jose M. F. Moura

Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a $k$-uniform hypergraph, $\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{G}}$ be its Laplacian tensor. And $\beta( \mathcal{G})$ denotes the maximum number of linearly independent nonnegative eigenvectors of $\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{G}}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-14 Chunli Deng , Lizhu Sun , Changjiang Bu

If V is the vertex sequence of a symmetric 2t-cycle in the hypercube graph with the vertices {1,-1}^t, then for any vertex T of the graph there exists a unique inclusion-minimal subset of V such that T is the sum of its elements. We present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-08 Andrey O. Matveev

Cooperative self-assembly can result in complex nano-networks with new hyperbolic geometry. However, the relation between the hyperbolicity and spectral and dynamical features of these structures remains unclear. Using the model of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-31 Marija Mitrovic Dankulov , Bosiljka Tadic , Roderick Melnik

We put into evidence graphs with adjacency operator whose singular subspace is prescribed by the kernel of an auxiliary operator. In particular, for a family of graphs called admissible, the singular continuous spectrum is absent and there…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Mantoiu , S. Richard , R. Tiedra de Aldecoa

A vertex with neighbours of degrees $d_1 \geq ... \geq d_r$ has {\em vertex type} $(d_1, ..., d_r)$. A graph is {\em vertex-oblique} if each vertex has a distinct vertex-type. While no graph can have distinct degrees, Schreyer, Walther and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alastair Farrugia