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Space-time modulation induced non-reciprocity in EM metasurfaces is proposed and numerically demonstrated using rigorous Generalized Sheet Transitions Conditions (GSTCs) under oblique plane-wave incidence. It is phenomenologically shown…

Optics · Physics 2017-04-03 Shulabh Gupta , Scott. A. Stewart , Tom J. Smy

Temporal metamaterials are artificially manufactured materials with time-dependent material properties that exhibit interesting phenomena when waves propagate through them. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in such time-varying…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Christian Döding , Barbara Verfürth

Time-modulated systems have received growing interest in recent years. They allow us to tailor effects, such as frequency conversion, single-direction propagation, etc. For the microwave band, semiconductor elements, such as varactors, are…

In this work, we propose a coupled mode theory for resonant response from quasi-guided modes in periodic dielectric metasurfaces. First, we derived a generic set of constraints imposed onto the parameters of the temporal coupled mode theory…

The effective medium representation is fundamental in providing a performance-to-design approach for many devices based on metamaterials. While there are recent works in extending the effective medium concept into the temporal domain, a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Xinhua Wen , Xinghong Zhu , Hong Wei Wu , Jensen Li

Metasurfaces impart phase discontinuities on impinging electromagnetic waves that are typically limited to 0-2$\pi$. Here, we show that they can break free from this limitation and supply arbitrarily-large phase modulation over ultra-wide…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-02-05 Odysseas Tsilipakos , Thomas Koschny , Costas M. Soukoulis

We present a comprehensive theoretical framework for calculating the linear and nonlinear optical responses of time-periodic quantum systems. Using density matrix evolution in the Floquet basis and adopting the length gauge, our approach…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-10 S. Sajad Dabiri , Reza Asgari

This paper studies the theory and applications of the diffraction of electromagnetic waves by space-time periodic (STP) diffraction gratings. We show that, in contrast with conventional spatially periodic grating, a STP diffraction grating…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Sajjad Taravati , George V. Eleftheriades

The ultrafast response of metals to light is governed by intriguing non-equilibrium dynamics involving the interplay of excited electrons and phonons. The coupling between them gives rise to nonlinear diffusion behavior on ultrashort…

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven and model-free decomposition technique. It is suitable for revealing spatio-temporal features of both numerically and experimentally acquired data. Conceptually, DMD performs a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-18 Tim Krake , Stefan Reinhardt , Marcel Hlawatsch , Bernhard Eberhardt , Daniel Weiskopf

We formulate a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach to simulate electromagnetic wave scattering from scatterers embedded in layered dielectric or dispersive media. At the heart of our approach is a derivation of an equivalent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Lingxiao Zhang , Tamar Seideman

A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical analysis is used to demonstrate that a toroidal solenoid, coaxial with an electric dipole, is a remarkable non-radiating configuration. It can be used to measure the dielectric permittivity…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. D. Boardman , K. Marinov , N. Zheludev , V. A. Fedotov

Mechanical metamaterials are increasingly attracting interest in engineering applications due to their unique mechanical properties and lightweight nature. This study develops a novel sound-based representation to characterize the…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-12 Sofia Cassara , Buminhan Sansa , Saltuk Yildiz , Waris Khan , Pinar Acar

We develop a general perturbation theory to treat small parameter changes in dispersive plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials. We specifically apply it to dielectric refractive index, and metallic plasma frequency modulation in metal-…

Optics · Physics 2011-06-14 Aaswath Raman , Shanhui Fan

The dielectric properties of metamaterials consisting of periodically arranged metallic nanoparticles of spherical shape are calculated by rigorously solving Maxwell's equations. Effective dielectric functions are obtained by comparing the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Riikonen , I. Romero , F. J. Garcia de Abajo

We investigate the phenomenon of parametric instability in discrete models of spatiotemporally modulated materials. These materials are celebrated in part because they exhibit nonreciprocal transmission characteristics. However, parametric…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-20 Jiuda Wu , Behrooz Yousefzadeh

When two lasers are applied to a non-centrosymmetric material, light can be generated at the difference of the incoming frequencies $\Delta\omega$, a phenomenon known as difference frequency generation (DFG), well characterized in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Fernando de Juan , Yang Zhang , Takahiro Morimoto , Yan Sun , Joel E. Moore , Adolfo G. Grushin

Metamaterials are artificially created media, which allow introducing additional degrees of freedom into electromagnetic design by controlling constitutive material parameters. Reconfigurable time-dependent metamaterials can further enlarge…

This paper studies time-dependent electromagnetic scattering from metamaterials that are described by dispersive material laws. We consider the numerical treatment of a scattering problem in which a dispersive material law, for a causal and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Jörg Nick , Selina Burkhard , Christian Lubich

The dispersive wave propagation in a periodic metamaterial with tetrachiral topology and inertial local resonators is investigated. The Floquet-Bloch spectrum of the metamaterial is compared with that of the tetrachiral beam lattice…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-24 Andrea Bacigalupo , Giorgio Gnecco , Marco Lepidi , Luigi Gambarotta