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Organic synthesis stands as a cornerstone of the chemical industry. The development of robust machine learning models to support tasks associated with organic reactions is of significant interest. However, current methods rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Kaipeng Zeng , Xianbin Liu , Yu Zhang , Xiaokang Yang , Yaohui Jin , Yanyan Xu

Inspired by Anderson et al. [J. R. Soc. Interface, 2014] we study the long-term behavior of discrete chemical reaction networks (CRNs). In particular, using techniques from both Petri net theory and CRN theory, we provide a powerful…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Robert Brijder

Informally, a chemical reaction network is "atomic" if each reaction may be interpreted as the rearrangement of indivisible units of matter. There are several reasonable definitions formalizing this idea. We investigate the computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-10-03 David Doty , Shaopeng Zhu

Algebraic neural networks (AlgNNs) are composed of a cascade of layers each one associated to and algebraic signal model, and information is mapped between layers by means of a nonlinearity function. AlgNNs provide a generalization of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Alejandro Parada-Mayorga , Alejandro Ribeiro

In recent years, the modeling interest has increased significantly from the molecular level to the atomic and quantum scale. The field of computational chemistry plays a significant role in designing computational models for the operation…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Amandeep Singh Bhatia , Shenggen Zheng

Network translation has recently been used to establish steady state properties of mass action systems by corresponding the given system to a generalized one which is either dynamically or steady state equivalent. In this work we further…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Elisa Tonello , Matthew D. Johnston

We present chemlambda (or the chemical concrete machine), an artificial chemistry with the following properties: (a) is Turing complete, (b) has a model of decentralized, distributed computing associated to it, (c) works at the level of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Marius Buliga , Louis H. Kauffman

Current biocomputing approaches predominantly rely on engineered circuits with fixed logic, offering limited stability and reliability under diverse environmental conditions. Here, we use the GRNN framework introduced in our previous work…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Adrian Ratwatte , Samitha Somathilaka , Thanh Cao , Xu Li , Sasitharan Balasubramaniam

To effectively simulate the combustion of hydrocarbon-fueled supersonic engines, such as rocket-based combined cycle (RBCC) engines, a detailed mechanism for chemistry is usually required but computationally prohibitive. In order to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-03-03 Jian An , Guo Qiang He , Kai Hong Luo , Fei Qin , Bing Liu

Chemputation reframes synthesis as the programmable execution of reaction code on a universally re-configurable hardware graph. Here we prove that a chemputer equipped with a finite, but extensible, set of reagents, catalysts and process…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Leroy Cronin , Sebastian Pagel , Abhishek Sharma

Marcello, in 1997, formally proved that chemical kinetics can make a universal computer i.e they can replicate any digital circuit. Recently, Soloveichik et al. showed that chemical kinetics can perform fast and reliable Turing Universal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Shalin Shah , Manish Gupta

Simulating chemical reaction networks is often computationally demanding, in particular due to stiffness. We propose a novel simulation scheme where long runs are not simulated as a whole but assembled from shorter precomputed segments of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Martin Helfrich , Milan Češka , Jan Křetínský , Štefan Martiček

Autonomous computations that rely on automated reaction network elucidation algorithms may pave the way to make computational catalysis on a par with experimental research in the field. Several advantages of this approach are key to…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-18 Miguel Steiner , Markus Reiher

We propose a Kron-based model-order reduction method for mass-action kinetics chemical reaction networks (CRN) with constant inflow and proportional outflow. The reduced-order models preserve the CRN structure and we establish that the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Mohamad Agung Prawira Negara , Azka Muji Burohman , Bayu Jayawardhana

Chemical systems are traditionally described by lists of species, reactions, and externally imposed kinetic laws, a framework that lacks an intrinsic algebraic structure governing how transformations compose. We propose an axiomatic…

Chemical systems are interpreted through the species they contain and the reactions they may undergo, i.e., their chemical reaction network (CRN). In spite of their central importance to chemistry, the structure of CRNs continues to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-17 Alex Blokhuis , Martijn van Kuppeveld , Daan van de Weem , Robert Pollice

Motivated by recent progress on the interplay between graph theory, dynamics, and systems theory, we revisit the analysis of chemical reaction networks described by mass action kinetics. For reaction networks possessing a thermodynamic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Arjan van der Schaft , Shodhan Rao , Bayu Jayawardhana

We investigate online nonlinear regression with continually running recurrent neural network networks (RNNs), i.e., RNN-based online learning. For RNN-based online learning, we introduce an efficient first-order training algorithm that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 N. Mert Vural , Selim F. Yilmaz , Fatih Ilhan , Suleyman S. Kozat

We address a fundamental question: under which conditions do the dynamics and thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks (CRNs), grounded on the notion of idealized chemostats that exchange selected species, emerge from underlying…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-17 Benedikt Remlein , Massimiliano Esposito , Francesco Avanzini

Reaction networks are a general formalism for describing collections of classical entities interacting in a random way. While reaction networks are mainly studied by chemists, they are equivalent to Petri nets, which are used for similar…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 John C. Baez