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Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Whole Slide Image (WSI) diagnosis, offering effective learning with limited annotations. However, existing MIL frameworks overlook diagnostic priorities and fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sungrae Hong , Jiwon Jeong , Jisu Shin , Donghee Han , Sol Lee , Kyungeun Kim , Mun Yong Yi

Tumor segmentation stands as a pivotal task in cancer diagnosis. Given the immense dimensions of whole slide images (WSI) in histology, deep learning approaches for WSI classification mainly operate at patch-wise or superpixel-wise level.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Huaqian Wu , Clara Brémond-Martin , Kévin Bouaou , Cédric Clouchoux

The characterization of Tumor MicroEnvironment (TME) is challenging due to its complexity and heterogeneity. Relatively consistent TME characteristics embedded within highly specific tissue features, render them difficult to predict. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Fangliangzi Meng , Hongrun Zhang , Ruodan Yan , Guohui Chuai , Chao Li , Qi Liu

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) plays a significant role in computational pathology, enabling weakly supervised analysis of Whole Slide Image (WSI) datasets. The field of WSI analysis is confronted with a severe long-tailed distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xitong Ling , Yifeng Ping , Jiawen Li , Jing Peng , Yuxuan Chen , Minxi Ouyang , Yizhi Wang , Yonghong He , Tian Guan , Xiaoping Liu , Lianghui Zhu

Prognostic information at diagnosis has important implications for cancer treatment and monitoring. Although cancer staging, histopathological assessment, molecular features, and clinical variables can provide useful prognostic insights,…

Weakly-supervised classification of histopathology slides is a computationally intensive task, with a typical whole slide image (WSI) containing billions of pixels to process. We propose Discriminative Region Active Sampling for Multiple…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-23 Jack Breen , Katie Allen , Kieran Zucker , Geoff Hall , Nicolas M. Orsi , Nishant Ravikumar

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) for whole slide image (WSI) analysis in computational pathology often neglects instance-level learning as supervision is typically provided only at the bag level, hindering the integrated consideration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Shuyang Wu , Yifu Qiu , Ines P. Nearchou , Sandrine Prost , Jonathan A. Fallowfield , Hideki Ueno , Hitoshi Tsuda , David J. Harrison , Hakan Bilen , Timothy J. Kendall

Cancer diagnosis and prognosis primarily depend on clinical parameters such as age and tumor grade, and are increasingly complemented by molecular data, such as gene expression, from tumor sequencing. However, sequencing is costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Max Hallemeesch , Marija Pizurica , Paloma Rabaey , Olivier Gevaert , Thomas Demeester , Kathleen Marchal

Automatic integration of whole slide images (WSIs) and gene expression profiles has demonstrated substantial potential in precision clinical diagnosis and cancer progression studies. However, most existing studies focus on individual gene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Junzhuo Liu , Xuemei Du , Daniel Reisenbuchler , Ye Chen , Markus Eckstein , Christian Matek , Friedrich Feuerhake , Dorit Merhof

Lifelong learning on Whole Slide Images (WSIs) aims to train or fine-tune a unified model sequentially on cancer-related tasks, reducing the resources and effort required for data transfer and processing, especially given the gigabyte-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Doanh C. Bui , Ba Hung Ngo , Hoai Luan Pham , Khang Nguyen , Maï K. Nguyen , Yasuhiko Nakashima

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely applied in pathology towards solving critical problems such as automating cancer diagnosis and grading, predicting patient prognosis, and therapy response. Deploying these models in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Syed Ashar Javed , Dinkar Juyal , Harshith Padigela , Amaro Taylor-Weiner , Limin Yu , Aaditya Prakash

Whole-slide images (WSIs) are an important data modality in computational pathology, yet their gigapixel resolution and lack of fine-grained annotations challenge conventional deep learning models. Multiple instance learning (MIL) offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Qian Zeng , Yihui Wang , Shu Yang , Yingxue Xu , Fengtao Zhou , Jiabo Ma , Dejia Cai , Zhengyu Zhang , Lijuan Qu , Yu Wang , Li Liang , Hao Chen

Histopathological image analysis is an essential process for the discovery of diseases such as cancer. However, it is challenging to train CNN on whole slide images (WSIs) of gigapixel resolution considering the available memory capacity.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-11 Shusuke Takahama , Yusuke Kurose , Yusuke Mukuta , Hiroyuki Abe , Masashi Fukayama , Akihiko Yoshizawa , Masanobu Kitagawa , Tatsuya Harada

Pathology computing has dramatically improved pathologists' workflow and diagnostic decision-making processes. Although computer-aided diagnostic systems have shown considerable value in whole slide image (WSI) analysis, the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yonghuang Wu , Xuan Xie , Xinyuan Niu , Chengqian Zhao , Jinhua Yu

Histology analysis of the tumor micro-environment integrated with genomic assays is the gold standard for most cancers in modern medicine. This paper proposes a Gene-induced Multimodal Pre-training (GiMP) framework, which jointly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Ting Jin , Xingran Xie , Renjie Wan , Qingli Li , Yan Wang

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors come with the vastly heterogeneous histologic, molecular and radiographic landscape, rendering their precise characterization challenging. The rapidly growing fields of biophysical modeling and radiomics…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-30 Andreas Mang , Spyridon Bakas , Shashank Subramanian , Christos Davatzikos , George Biros

Representation learning for Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is pivotal in developing image-based systems to achieve higher precision in diagnostic pathology. We propose a two-stage framework for WSI representation learning. We sample relevant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-20 Mohammed Adnan , Shivam Kalra , Hamid R. Tizhoosh

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a widely employed framework for learning on gigapixel whole-slide images (WSIs) from WSI-level annotations. In most MIL based analytical pipelines for WSI-level analysis, the WSIs are often divided into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Imaad Zaffar , Guillaume Jaume , Nasir Rajpoot , Faisal Mahmood

One of the main obstacles of adopting digital pathology is the challenge of efficient processing of hyperdimensional digitized biopsy samples, called whole slide images (WSIs). Exploiting deep learning and introducing compact WSI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Azam Asilian Bidgoli , Shahryar Rahnamayan , Taher Dehkharghanian , Abtin Riasatian , H. R. Tizhoosh

Molecular subtypes of breast cancer are important references to personalized clinical treatment. For cost and labor savings, only one of the patient's paraffin blocks is usually selected for subsequent immunohistochemistry (IHC) to obtain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-16 Hong Liu , Wen-Dong Xu , Zi-Hao Shang , Xiang-Dong Wang , Hai-Yan Zhou , Ke-Wen Ma , Huan Zhou , Jia-Lin Qi , Jia-Rui Jiang , Li-Lan Tan , Hui-Min Zeng , Hui-Juan Cai , Kuan-Song Wang , Yue-Liang Qian