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This paper describes a new unsupervised machine learning method for simultaneous phoneme and word discovery from multiple speakers. Human infants can acquire knowledge of phonemes and words from interactions with his/her mother as well as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Ryo Nakashima , Ryo Ozaki , Tadahiro Taniguchi

Recent advances in machine learning and the availability of articulatory datasets allow vocal tract synthesis to be conditioned on phonetic sequences, a primary task of articulatory speech synthesis. However, quality assessment needs a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Vinicius Ribeiro , Yves Laprie

Deep learning architectures have made significant progress in terms of performance in many research areas. The automatic speech recognition (ASR) field has thus benefited from these scientific and technological advances, particularly for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Quentin Raymondaud , Mickael Rouvier , Richard Dufour

Voice assistants (VAs) are typically evaluated through task performance metrics and self-report questionnaires, but people's voices themselves carry rich paralinguistic cues that reveal affect, effort, and interaction breakdowns. We present…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yong Ma , Xuesong Zhang , Xuedong Zhang , Natalia Bartłomiejczyk , Seungwoo Je , Adrian Holzer , Morten Fjeld , Andreas Butz

Speaker embeddings are ubiquitous, with applications ranging from speaker recognition and diarization to speech synthesis and voice anonymisation. The amount of information held by these embeddings lends them versatility, but also raises…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-12 Francisco Teixeira , Alberto Abad , Bhiksha Raj , Isabel Trancoso

Deep neural network based speaker embeddings, such as x-vectors, have been shown to perform well in text-independent speaker recognition/verification tasks. In this paper, we use simple classifiers to investigate the contents encoded by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-16 Desh Raj , David Snyder , Daniel Povey , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

The vector representations of fixed dimensionality for words (in text) offered by Word2Vec have been shown to be very useful in many application scenarios, in particular due to the semantic information they carry. This paper proposes a…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Yu-An Chung , Chao-Chung Wu , Chia-Hao Shen , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-Shan Lee

This paper proposes a novel unsupervised autoregressive neural model for learning generic speech representations. In contrast to other speech representation learning methods that aim to remove noise or speaker variabilities, ours is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Yu-An Chung , Wei-Ning Hsu , Hao Tang , James Glass

Recent neural text-to-speech (TTS) models with fine-grained latent features enable precise control of the prosody of synthesized speech. Such models typically incorporate a fine-grained variational autoencoder (VAE) structure, extracting…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-11 Guangzhi Sun , Yu Zhang , Ron J. Weiss , Yuan Cao , Heiga Zen , Andrew Rosenberg , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Yonghui Wu

End-to-end (E2E) keyword search (KWS) has emerged as an alternative and complimentary approach to conventional keyword search which depends on the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. While E2E methods greatly simplify the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Bolaji Yusuf , Jan "Honza" Černocký , Murat Saraçlar

Discovering speaker independent acoustic units purely from spoken input is known to be a hard problem. In this work we propose an unsupervised speaker normalization technique prior to unit discovery. It is based on separating speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 Thomas Glarner , Janek Ebbers , Reinhold Häb-Umbach

Self-supervised speech models such as wav2vec2.0 and WavLM have been shown to significantly improve the performance of many downstream speech tasks, especially in low-resource settings, over the past few years. Despite this, evaluations on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Séverin Baroudi , Hervé Bredin , Joseph Razik , Ricard Marxer

Discovering a lexicon from unlabeled audio is a longstanding challenge for zero-resource speech processing. One approach is to search for frequently occurring patterns in speech. We revisit this idea with DUSTED: Discrete Unit Spoken-TErm…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-27 Benjamin van Niekerk , Julian Zaïdi , Marc-André Carbonneau , Herman Kamper

Deep generative models have been enjoying success in modeling continuous data. However it remains challenging to capture the representations for discrete structures with formal grammars and semantics, e.g., computer programs and molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Hanjun Dai , Yingtao Tian , Bo Dai , Steven Skiena , Le Song

This paper presents a self-supervised method for visual detection of the active speaker in a multi-person spoken interaction scenario. Active speaker detection is a fundamental prerequisite for any artificial cognitive system attempting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Kalin Stefanov , Jonas Beskow , Giampiero Salvi

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are highly vulnerable to presentation attacks, also called spoofing attacks. Replay is among the simplest attacks to mount - yet difficult to detect reliably. The generalization failure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Bhusan Chettri , Tomi Kinnunen , Emmanouil Benetos

In spoken conversational question answering (SCQA), the answer to the corresponding question is generated by retrieving and then analyzing a fixed spoken document, including multi-part conversations. Most SCQA systems have considered only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Nuo Chen , Chenyu You , Yuexian Zou

Most recent speech privacy efforts have focused on anonymizing acoustic speaker attributes but there has not been as much research into protecting information from speech content. We introduce a toy problem that explores an emerging type of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Jennifer Williams , Karla Pizzi , Paul-Gauthier Noe , Sneha Das

We propose an unsupervised variational acoustic clustering model for clustering audio data in the time-frequency domain. The model leverages variational inference, extended to an autoencoder framework, with a Gaussian mixture model as a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Luan Vinícius Fiorio , Bruno Defraene , Johan David , Frans Widdershoven , Wim van Houtum , Ronald M. Aarts
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