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WebAssembly (Wasm) is a bytecode format originally serving as a compilation target for Web applications. It has recently been used increasingly on the server side, e.g., providing a safer, faster, and more portable alternative to Linux…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Shuyao Jiang , Ruiying Zeng , Zihao Rao , Jiazhen Gu , Yangfan Zhou , Michael R. Lyu

Attestation is a fundamental building block to establish trust over software systems. When used in conjunction with trusted execution environments, it guarantees the genuineness of the code executed against powerful attackers and threats,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jämes Ménétrey , Christian Göttel , Anum Khurshid , Marcelo Pasin , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni , Shahid Raza

WebAssembly (Wasm for short) brings a new, powerful capability to the web as well as Edge, IoT, and embedded systems. Wasm is a portable, compact binary code format with high performance and robust sandboxing properties. As Wasm…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Doehyun Baek , Jakob Getz , Yusung Sim , Daniel Lehmann , Ben L. Titzer , Sukyoung Ryu , Michael Pradel

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level bytecode format that can run in modern browsers. With the development of standalone runtimes and the improvement of the WebAssembly System Interface (WASI), Wasm has further provided a more complete…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Chenxi Mao , Yuxin Su , Shiwen Shan , Dan Li

We present PSL, a lightweight, secure and stateful Function-as-a-Serivce (FaaS) framework for Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs). The framework provides rich programming language support on heterogeneous TEE hardware for statically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Alexander Thomas , Shubham Mishra , Kaiyuan Chen , John Kubiatowicz

Data theft and leakage, caused by external adversaries and insiders, demonstrate the need for protecting user data. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) offer a promising solution by creating secure environments that protect data and code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kosei Akama , Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Korry Luke , Masaaki Sato , Keisuke Uehara

WebAssembly (abbreviated Wasm) has emerged as a cornerstone of web development, offering a compact binary format that allows high-performance applications to run at near-native speeds in web browsers. Despite its advantages, Wasm's binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xinyu She , Yanjie Zhao , Haoyu Wang

Security is one of the main challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices are mainly powered by low-cost microcontrollers (MCUs) that typically lack basic hardware security mechanisms to separate security-critical applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Daniel Oliveira , Tiago Gomes , Sandro Pinto

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a portable bytecode format that serves as a compilation target for high-level languages, enabling their secure and efficient execution across diverse platforms, including web browsers and embedded systems. To improve…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Byeongjee Kang , Harsh Desai , Limin Jia , Brandon Lucia

WebAssembly (wasm) has recently emerged as a promisingly portable, size-efficient, fast, and safe binary format for the web. As WebAssembly can interact freely with JavaScript libraries, this gives rise to a potential for undesirable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-06 William Fu , Raymond Lin , Daniel Inge

WebAssembly is an increasingly popular lightweight binary instruction format, which can be efficiently embedded and sandboxed. Languages like C, C++, Rust, Go, and many others can be compiled into WebAssembly. This paper describes Twine, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Jämes Ménétrey , Marcelo Pasin , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Web client fingerprinting has become a widely used technique for uniquely identifying users, browsers, operating systems, and devices with high accuracy. While it is beneficial for applications such as fraud detection and personalized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mordechai Guri , Dor Fibert

The publish-subscribe paradigm is an efficient communication scheme with strong decoupling between the nodes, that is especially fit for large-scale deployments. It adapts natively to very dynamic settings and it is used in a diversity of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Carlos Segarra , Ricard Delgado-Gonzalo , Valerio Schiavoni

As the expansion of IoT connectivity continues to provide quality-of-life improvements around the world, they simultaneously introduce increasing privacy and security concerns. The lack of a clear definition in managing shared and protected…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Botong Ou , Baijian Yang

As JavaScript has been criticized for performance and security issues in web applications, WebAssembly (Wasm) was proposed in 2017 and is regarded as the complementation for JavaScript. Due to its advantages like compact-size, native-like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ningyu He , Shangtong Cao , Haoyu Wang , Yao Guo , Xiapu Luo

The growing pervasiveness of Internet of Things (IoT) expands the attack surface by connecting more and more attractive attack targets, i.e. embedded devices, to the Internet. One key component in securing these devices is software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Mahmoud Ammar , Mahdi Washha , Bruno Crispo

WebAssemly is an emerging runtime for Web applications and has been supported in almost all browsers. Recently, WebAssembly is further regarded to be a the next-generation environment for blockchain applications, and has been adopted by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Shuyu Zheng , Haoyu Wang , Lei Wu , Gang Huang , Xuanzhe Liu

Recently, the WebAssembly (or Wasm) technology has been rapidly evolving, with many runtimes actively under development, providing cross-platform secure sandboxes for Wasm modules to run as portable containers. Compared with Docker, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhaofeng Yu , Dongyang Zhan , Lin Ye , Haining Yu , Hongli Zhang , Zhihong Tian

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have been proposed as a solution to protect code confidentiality in scenarios where computation is outsourced to an untrusted operator. We study the resilience of such solutions to side-channel attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Ivan Puddu , Moritz Schneider , Daniele Lain , Stefano Boschetto , Srdjan Čapkun

A significant amount of both client and server-side cryptography is implemented in JavaScript. Despite widespread concerns about its security, no other language has been able to match the convenience that comes from its ubiquitous support…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Conrad Watt , John Renner , Natalie Popescu , Sunjay Cauligi , Deian Stefan