English
Related papers

Related papers: Linear Cross Entropy Benchmarking with Clifford Ci…

200 papers

Cross-entropy benchmarking is a central technique used to certify a quantum chip in recent experiments. To better understand its mathematical foundation and develop new benchmarking schemes, we introduce the concept of ergodicity to random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Bin Cheng , Fei Meng , Zhi-Jiong Zhang , Man-Hong Yung

A critical question for the field of quantum computing in the near future is whether quantum devices without error correction can perform a well-defined computational task beyond the capabilities of state-of-the-art classical computers,…

The classical simulation of quantum circuits is of central importance for benchmarking near-term quantum devices. The fact that gates belonging to the Clifford group can be simulated efficiently on classical computers has motivated a range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Tomislav Begušić , Kasra Hejazi , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Modeling and simulation is essential for predicting and verifying the behavior of fabricated quantum circuits, but existing simulation methods are either impractically costly or require an unrealistic simplification of error processes. We…

A general quantum circuit can be simulated classically in exponential time. If it has a planar layout, then a tensor-network contraction algorithm due to Markov and Shi has a runtime exponential in the square root of its size, or more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 David Gosset , Daniel Grier , Alex Kerzner , Luke Schaeffer

Quantum circuits are considered more powerful than classical circuits and require exponential resources to simulate classically. Clifford circuits are a special class of quantum circuits that can be simulated in polynomial time but still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Yuchen Pang , Edgar Solomonik

Accurately estimating observables on noisy quantum devices remains a central challenge for near-term quantum algorithms. While quantum error mitigation techniques can reduce noise-induced bias, they often rely on unverifiable assumptions…

Noise in existing quantum processors only enables an approximation to ideal quantum computation. However, these approximations can be vastly improved by error mitigation, for the computation of expectation values, as shown by small-scale…

We study the effect of noise on the classical simulatability of quantum circuits defined by computationally tractable (CT) states and efficiently computable sparse (ECS) operations. Examples of such circuits, which we call CT-ECS circuits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-28 Yasuhiro Takahashi , Yuki Takeuchi , Seiichiro Tani

Near term quantum computers with a high quantity (around 50) and quality (around 0.995 fidelity for two-qubit gates) of qubits will approximately sample from certain probability distributions beyond the capabilities of known classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 Sergio Boixo , Sergei V. Isakov , Vadim N. Smelyanskiy , Hartmut Neven

Achieving near-term quantum advantage will require accurate estimation of quantum observables despite significant hardware noise. For this purpose, we propose a novel, scalable error-mitigation method that applies to gate-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Piotr Czarnik , Andrew Arrasmith , Patrick J. Coles , Lukasz Cincio

Current quantum computing hardware is restricted by the availability of only few, noisy qubits which limits the investigation of larger, more complex molecules in quantum chemistry calculations on quantum computers in the near-term. In this…

Quantum circuit equivalence checking asks whether two circuits implement the same unitary. It guarantees compiler correctness and safe optimization, yet most existing approaches scale exponentially with the number of qubits or the circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Daisuke Sakamoto , Soshun Naito , Yusei Mori , Kosuke Mitarai

The performance of quantum gates is often assessed using some form of randomized benchmarking. However, the existing methods become infeasible for more than approximately five qubits. Here we show how to use a simple and customizable class…

Reaching fault-tolerant quantum computation relies on the successful implementation of non-Clifford circuits with quantum error correction (QEC). In QEC, quantum gates and measurements encode quantum information into an error-protected…

We construct a gate and time-independent noise model that results in the output of a logical randomized benchmarking protocol oscillating rather than decaying exponentially. To illustrate our idea, we first construct an example in standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-13 Athena Ceasura , Pavithran Iyer , Joel J. Wallman , Hakop Pashayan

Quantum computing has proven to be capable of accelerating many algorithms by performing tasks that classical computers cannot. Currently, Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines struggle from scalability and noise issues to render…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chao Lu , Navnil Choudhury , Utsav Banerjee , Abdullah Ash Saki , Kanad Basu

Recent advances in quantum computing have enabled the development of quantum processors with hundreds of qubits. However, noise continues to limit the amount of useful information that can be extracted from these systems, making it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 J. A. Montanez-Barrera , Kristel Michielsen

Quantum error mitigation is a promising route to achieving quantum utility, and potentially quantum advantage in the near-term. Many state-of-the-art error mitigation schemes use knowledge of the errors in the quantum processor, which opens…

We construct a polynomial-time classical algorithm that samples from the output distribution of noisy geometrically local Clifford circuits with any product-state input and single-qubit measurements in any basis. Our results apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Dominik Hangleiter , Michael J. Gullans