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Motivated by the work of Cooper & Showman, we revisit the chemical relaxation method, which seeks to enhance the computational efficiency of chemical-kinetics calculations by replacing the chemical network with a handful of independent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-01 Shang-Min Tsai , Daniel Kitzmann , James R. Lyons , João Mendonça , Simon L. Grimm , Kevin Heng

We present novel, analytical, equilibrium-chemistry formulae for the abundances of molecules in hot exoplanetary atmospheres that include the carbon, oxygen and nitrogen networks. Our hydrogen-dominated solutions involve acetylene…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Kevin Heng , Shang-Min Tsai

Growing evidence has indicated that the global composition distribution plays an indisputable role in interpreting observational data. 3D general circulation models (GCMs) with a reliable treatment of chemistry and clouds are particularly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-10 Shang-Min Tsai , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Raymond Pierrehumbert

Chemistry plays an important role in the interstellar medium (ISM), regulating heating and cooling of the gas, and determining abundances of molecular species that trace gas properties in observations. Although solving the time-dependent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-05 Munan Gong , Eve C. Ostriker , Mark G. Wolfire

We present an open-source and validated chemical kinetics code for studying hot exoplanetary atmospheres, which we name VULCAN. It is constructed for gaseous chemistry from 500 to 2500 K using a reduced C-H-O chemical network with about 300…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-22 Shang-Min Tsai , James R. Lyons , Luc Grosheintz , Paul B. Rimmer , Daniel Kitzmann , Kevin Heng

Determining the atomic and molecular content of the interstellar medium (ISM) as a function of environmental parameters is of fundamental importance to understand the star-formation process across the epochs. Although there exist various…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-07 Thomas G. Bisbas , Ewine F. van Dishoeck , Chia-Yu Hu , Andreas Schruba

This work introduces new low-temperature gas opacities, in the range 3.2 <= log(T/K) <= 4.5, computed with the AESOPUS code under the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium (Marigo &_Aringer_2009). In comparison to the previous version…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Paola Marigo , Bernhard Aringer , Leo Girardi , Alessandro Bressan

Atmospheric chemical disequilibrium has been proposed as a method for detecting extraterrestrial biospheres from exoplanet observations. Chemical disequilibrium is potentially a generalized biosignature since it makes no assumptions about…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-01 Joshua Krissansen-Totton , David S. Bergsman , David C. Catling

This is the first of a series of papers that will introduce a user-friendly, detailed, and modular GALactic Chemical Evolution Model, GalCEM, that tracks isotope masses as a function of time in a given galaxy. The list of tracked isotopes…

We aimed to build a new and updated C0-C2 chemical network to study the CHON disequilibrium chemistry of warm and hot exoplanet atmospheres that relies on extensively validated and recent state-of-the-art combustion networks. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 R. Veillet , O. Venot , B. Sirjean , R. Bounaceur , P-A. Glaude , A. Al-Refaie , E. Hébrard

Our purpose is to release a chemical network, and the associated rate coefficients, developed for the temperature and pressure range relevant to hot Jupiters atmospheres. Using this network, we study the vertical atmospheric composition of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-19 Olivia Venot , Eric Hébrard , Marcelino Agùndez , Michel Dobrijevic , Franck Selsis , Franck Hersant , Nicolas Iro , Roda Bounaceur

We have developed a 1D planetary atmosphere model that solves in a self-consistent manner the evolution of temperature and disequilibrium chemistry in the vertical direction. Thermochemical kinetics is based on a reaction network built from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Marcelino Agundez

EASY-II is designed as a functional replacement for the previous European Activation System, EASY-2010. It has extended nuclear data and new software, FISPACT-II, written in object-style Fortran to provide new capabilities for predictions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Jean-Christophe Sublet , James Eastwood , Guy Morgan , Arjan Koning , Dimitri Rochman

We have developed 1-D photochemical and thermochemical kinetics and diffusion models for the transiting exoplanets HD 189733b and HD 209458b to study the effects of disequilibrium chemistry on the atmospheric composition of "hot Jupiters."…

Three dimensional models that account for chemistry are useful tools to predict the chemical composition of (exo)planet and brown dwarf atmospheres and interpret observations of future telescopes. Recent Juno observations of the NH3…

We present a self-consistent formalism for computing and understanding the atmospheric chemistry of exoplanets from the viewpoint of an astrophysicist. Starting from the first law of thermodynamics, we demonstrate that the van't Hoff…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Kevin Heng , James R. Lyons , Shang-Min Tsai

An accurate treatment of the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in hydrodynamic galaxy simulations requires that we follow not only the thermal evolution of the gas, but also the evolution of its chemical state, including its molecular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Alexander J. Richings , Joop Schaye , Benjamin D. Oppenheimer

Atmospheric models demand a lot of computational power and solving the chemical processes is one of its most computationally intensive components. This work shows how to improve the computational performance of the Multiscale Online…

In this paper, we present a new gas-grain chemical code for interstellar clouds written in pure Python (GGCHEMPY). By combining with the high-performance Python compiler Numba, GGCHEMPY is as efficient as the Fortran-based version. With the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-02 Jixing Ge

We present a new chemodynamical code - Ramses-CH - for use in simulating the self-consistent evolution of chemical and hydrodynamical properties of galaxies within a fully cosmological framework. We build upon the adaptive mesh refinement…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 C. Gareth Few , Stephanie Courty , Brad K. Gibson , Daisuke Kawata , Francesco Calura , Romain Teyssier