Related papers: Commentari di Ipparco ai Fenomeni di Arato ed Eudo…

This is an English translation of the Italian version of an encyclopedia chapter that appeared in the Italian Encyclopedia of the Physical Sciences, edited by Bruno Bertotti (1994). Following requests from colleagues we have decided to make…

This article is a partly pedagogical, partly historical and partly technical review of special relativity and its experimental foundations, in honor of the centenary of Einstein's annus mirabilis.

We provide a reply to a comment by I. Goychuk arXiv:1708.04155, version v2 from 27 Aug 2017 (not under active consideration with Phys. Rev. Lett.), on our Letter E. Aghion, D. A. Kessler and E. Barkai, Phys. Rev. Lett., 118, 260601 (2017).

This overview of neutrino astronomy emphasizes observation of astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube and interesting limits on Galactic neutrinos from IceCube and ANTARES.

This is an invited short update of the topic covered by the review article, which aims to briefly survey progress made in theoretical and experimental studies of multidimensional solitons since the publication of the review. The Commentary…

A brief sketch is made of the present observational status of neutrino properties, with emphasis on the hints from solar and atmospheric neutrinos, as well as cosmological data on the amplitude of primordial density fluctuations.…

Over the past decade, neutrino astronomy has emerged as a new window into the extreme and hidden universe. Current-generation experiments have detected high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin and identified the first sources, opening…

A focused modernization of Sophus Lie's brilliant writings about the foundations of geometry that every contemporary geometer should have at least once a look at. Translated, updated, commented.

The Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6) combines the ground-based astrometric data of the basic fundamental stars, obtained over more than two centuries and summarized in the FK5, with the observations of the HIPPARCOS astrometry…

The uncertainty about the relationships between the star catalogue contained in the Almagest (books VII-VIII) and the catalogue of Hipparchus dates back to the origins of modern astronomy. The fact that Hipparchus' catalogue was lost and…

The contributions of Lucio Russo to the mathematics of percolation and disordered systems are outlined. The context of his work is explained, and its ongoing impact on current work is described and amplified.

In the 19th century, several astronomers made observations of sunspots, recording their positions and sometimes their areas. These observations were published in the form of extensive tables, but have been unhelpful until now. Three of…

This is an appendix to our paper "An update of the Hirsch Conjecture" (arXiv:0907.1186), containing proofs of some of the results and comments that were omitted in it.

In 1989 H.Karcher rewrote the theory of elliptic functions through an approach that is much more geometrical than analytical. Therewith he obtained an optimal control over the behaviour and image values of these functions, which allowed for…

Here, we report briefly two topics: 1) The latest version of ``Analytic Perturbation Theory" (APT) devised recently for the QCD observables both in the Euclidean and Minkowskian regions. 2) Results of the APT--based calculation for some…

Einstein's contributions to statistical mechanics and quantum theory are reviewed. We also provide a detailed discussion of his thesis on suspensions that led to a good value of the Avogadro number.

A translation and discussion of G. Luders, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 8 322-328 (1951).

This paper is based on the opening lecture given at the 2017 edition of the Evry Schatzman school on high-angular resolution imaging of stars and their direct environment. Two relevant observing techniques: long baseline interferometry and…

Access to microarcsecond astrometry is now routine in the radio, infrared, and optical domains. In particular the publication of the second data release from the Gaia mission made it possible for every astronomer to work with easily…

Forecasting optical turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere has been an ambitious challenge for the astronomical scientific community for several decades. While earlier research primarily focused on whether it was possible to predict optical…