English
Related papers

Related papers: Measuring Representational Harms in Image Captioni…

200 papers

For some images, descriptions written by multiple people are consistent with each other. But for other images, descriptions across people vary considerably. In other words, some images are specific $-$ they elicit consistent descriptions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Mainak Jas , Devi Parikh

Large language models produce human-like text that drive a growing number of applications. However, recent literature and, increasingly, real world observations, have demonstrated that these models can generate language that is toxic,…

The vast majority of techniques to train fair models require access to the protected attribute (e.g., race, gender), either at train time or in production. However, in many important applications this protected attribute is largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Hadi Elzayn , Emily Black , Patrick Vossler , Nathanael Jo , Jacob Goldin , Daniel E. Ho

We generalize the notion of social biases from language embeddings to grounded vision and language embeddings. Biases are present in grounded embeddings, and indeed seem to be equally or more significant than for ungrounded embeddings. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Candace Ross , Boris Katz , Andrei Barbu

Noise is an important factor which when get added to an image reduces its quality and appearance. So in order to enhance the image qualities, it has to be removed with preserving the textural information and structural features of image.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Vivek Kumar , Atul Samadhiya

Audio captioning aims at describing the content of audio clips with human language. Due to the ambiguity of audio, different people may perceive the same audio differently, resulting in caption disparities (i.e., one audio may correlate to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Yiming Zhang , Hong Yu , Ruoyi Du , Zhanyu Ma , Yuan Dong

Neural network architectures have been extensively employed in the fair representation learning setting, where the objective is to learn a new representation for a given vector which is independent of sensitive information. Various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mattia Cerrato , Marius Köppel , Alexander Segner , Stefan Kramer

In this paper, we introduce a model designed to improve the prediction of image-text alignment, targeting the challenge of compositional understanding in current visual-language models. Our approach focuses on generating high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yuheng Li , Haotian Liu , Mu Cai , Yijun Li , Eli Shechtman , Zhe Lin , Yong Jae Lee , Krishna Kumar Singh

Laparoscopic images and videos are often affected by different types of distortion like noise, smoke, blur and nonuniform illumination. Automatic detection of these distortions, followed generally by application of appropriate image quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Zohaib Amjad Khan , Azeddine Beghdadi , Mounir Kaaniche , Faouzi Alaya Cheikh

The Image Captioning (IC) technique is widely used to describe images in natural language. Recently, some IC system testing methods have been proposed. However, these methods still rely on pre-annotated information and hence cannot really…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Xiaoyuan Xie , Xingpeng Li , Songqiang Chen

We propose a harm-centric conceptualization of privacy that asks: What harms from personal data use can privacy prevent? The motivation behind this research is limitations in existing privacy frameworks (e.g., Contextual Integrity) to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sri Harsha Gajavalli , Junichi Koizumi , Rakibul Hasan

As machine learning applications proliferate, we need an understanding of their potential for harm. However, current fairness metrics are rarely grounded in human psychological experiences of harm. Drawing on the social psychology of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Angelina Wang , Xuechunzi Bai , Solon Barocas , Su Lin Blodgett

Fairness is an emerging and challenging topic in recommender systems. In recent years, various ways of evaluating and therefore improving fairness have emerged. In this study, we examine existing evaluation measures of fairness in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Theresia Veronika Rampisela , Maria Maistro , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Christina Lioma

Content safety teams need metrics that reflect what users actually experience, not only what is reported. We study prevalence: the fraction of user views (impressions) that went to content violating a given policy on a given day. Accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Attila Dobi , Aravindh Manickavasagam , Benjamin Thompson , Xiaohan Yang , Faisal Farooq

The growing number of dimensionality reduction methods available for data visualization has recently inspired the development of quality assessment measures, in order to evaluate the resulting low-dimensional representation independently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-10-19 Wouter Lueks , Bassam Mokbel , Michael Biehl , Barbara Hammer

Artifacts pose a significant challenge in medical imaging, impacting diagnostic accuracy and downstream analysis. While image-based approaches for detecting artifacts can be effective, they often rely on preprocessing methods that can lead…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Caner Özer , Patryk Rygiel , Bram de Wilde , İlkay Öksüz , Jelmer M. Wolterink

Image captioning strives to generate pertinent captions for specified images, situating itself at the crossroads of Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP). This endeavor is of paramount importance with far-reaching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Tianrui Liu , Qi Cai , Changxin Xu , Bo Hong , Jize Xiong , Yuxin Qiao , Tsungwei Yang

While adversarial perturbation of images to attack deep image classification models pose serious security concerns in practice, this paper suggests a novel paradigm where the concept of image perturbation can benefit classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Juyeop Kim , Jun-Ho Choi , Soobeom Jang , Jong-Seok Lee

Image captioning models are usually trained according to human annotated ground-truth captions, which could generate accurate but generic captions. In this paper, we focus on generating distinctive captions that can distinguish the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Youyuan Zhang , Jiuniu Wang , Hao Wu , Wenjia Xu

Language Representation Models (LRMs) trained with real-world data may capture and exacerbate undesired bias and cause unfair treatment of people in various demographic groups. Several techniques have been investigated for applying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Chloe Qinyu Zhu , Rickard Stureborg , Brandon Fain