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The Invariant Refinement Method for Self Adaptation (IRM-SA) is a design method targeting development of smart Cyber-Physical Systems (sCPS). It allows for a systematic translation of the system requirements into the system architecture…
The advent of representation learning methods enabled large performance gains on various language tasks, alleviating the need for manual feature engineering. While engineered representations are usually based on some linguistic…
Cities worldwide are rapidly adopting smart technologies, transforming urban life. Despite this trend, a universally accepted definition of 'smart city' remains elusive. Past efforts to define it have not yielded a consensus, as evidenced…
Manipulating images of complex scenes to reconstruct, insert and/or remove specific object instances is a challenging task. Complex scenes contain multiple semantics and objects, which are frequently cluttered or ambiguous, thus hampering…
Requirement engineering is a key ingredient for software development to be effective. Apart from the traditional software requirement which is not much appropriate for new emerging software such as smart handheld device based software. In…
To analyse and verify the safety and security properties of interactive systems, a formal specification might be necessary. There are many types of formal languages and frameworks. The decision regarding what type of formal specification…
The requirements elicited from stakeholders are typically informal, incomplete, ambiguous, and inconsistent. It is the task of Requirements Engineering to transform them into an eligible (formal, sufficiently complete, unambiguous,…
Providing accurate/suitable information on behaviors in sma\-rt environments is a challenging and crucial task in pervasive computing where context-awareness and pro-activity are of fundamental importance. Behavioral identifications enable…
The lack of an automated online platform for reporting citizens' complaints, coupled with the city corporations' struggles in managing them, presents significant challenges. Furthermore, the availability of resources is very limited to…
This paper proposes a new methodology for early validation of high-level requirements on cyber-physical systems with the aim of improving their quality and, thus, lowering chances of specification errors propagating into later stages of…
Despite its many unquestionable benefits, formal specifications are not widely used in industrial software development. In order to reduce the time and effort required to write formal specifications, in this paper we propose a technique for…
Smart grid can be considered as the next step in the evolution of power systems. It comprises of different entities and objects ranging from smart appliances, smart meters, generators, smart storages, and more. One key problem in modeling…
Explainability has become a crucial non-functional requirement to enhance transparency, build user trust, and ensure regulatory compliance. However, translating explanation needs expressed in user feedback into structured requirements and…
Decisions suggested by improperly designed software systems might be prone to discriminate against people based on protected characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity. Previous studies attribute such undesired behavior to flaws in…
One of the most challenging tasks in specification engineering for a multi-agent robotic system is to formally specify and architect the system, especially as a multi-agent robotic system is concurrent having concurrent processing, and…
As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into daily life, there is growing demand for AI assistants that are not only reactive but also proactive and personalized. While recent advances have pushed forward proactivity…
Interactive Artificial Intelligent(AI) assistant systems are designed to offer timely guidance to help human users to complete a variety tasks. One of the remaining challenges is to understand user's mental states during the task for more…
Achieving full automation in self-driving vehicles remains a challenge, especially in dynamic urban environments where navigation requires real-time adaptability. Existing systems struggle to handle navigation plans when faced with…
Specifying the intended behaviour of autonomous systems is becoming increasingly important but is fraught with many challenges. This technical report provides an overview of existing work on specifications of autonomous systems and places a…
With the development of the Internet of Things, millions of sensors are being deployed in cities to collect real-time data. This leads to a need for checking city states against city requirements at runtime. In this paper, we develop a…