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We present Conformal Intent Classification and Clarification (CICC), a framework for fast and accurate intent classification for task-oriented dialogue systems. The framework turns heuristic uncertainty scores of any intent classifier into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Floris den Hengst , Ralf Wolter , Patrick Altmeyer , Arda Kaygan

Continuous prompts, or "soft prompts", are a widely-adopted parameter-efficient tuning strategy for large language models, but are often less favorable due to their opaque nature. Prior attempts to interpret continuous prompts relied on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Dana Ramati , Daniela Gottesman , Mor Geva

Formal verification entails testing software to ensure it operates as specified. Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into lines of code. They run on blockchain platforms and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Rene Davila , Everardo Barcenas , Rocio Aldeco-Perez

When deployed, AI agents will encounter problems that are beyond their autonomous problem-solving capabilities. Leveraging human assistance can help agents overcome their inherent limitations and robustly cope with unfamiliar situations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Khanh Nguyen , Yonatan Bisk , Hal Daumé

COVID-19 pandemic elucidated that knowledge systems will be instrumental in cases where accurate information needs to be communicated to a substantial group of people with different backgrounds and technological resources. However, several…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Yusuf Sermet , Ibrahim Demir

People often give instructions whose meaning is ambiguous without further context, expecting that their actions or goals will disambiguate their intentions. How can we build assistive agents that follow such instructions in a flexible,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Tan Zhi-Xuan , Lance Ying , Vikash Mansinghka , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

The rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence(AI) programming assistants such as GitHub Copilot introduces new challenges in how these software tools address human needs. Many existing evaluation frameworks address technical aspects such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Soroush Heydari

Automatic machine translation is super efficient to produce translations yet their quality is not guaranteed. This technique report introduces TranSmart, a practical human-machine interactive translation system that is able to trade off…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Guoping Huang , Lemao Liu , Xing Wang , Longyue Wang , Huayang Li , Zhaopeng Tu , Chengyan Huang , Shuming Shi

It is our intention here only to discuss the nature, complexity and tools concerning the design of Smart Help, an expert help facility for aiding users of Computer Algebra Systems. Although the expert help system presented here has been…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2014-05-30 Renato P. dos Santos , Waldir L. Roque

Formal specification generation has recently drawn attention in software engineering as a way to improve program correctness without requiring manual annotations. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in this area, but early…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ragib Shahariar Ayon , Shibbir Ahmed

Automated decision support systems promise to help human experts solve multiclass classification tasks more efficiently and accurately. However, existing systems typically require experts to understand when to cede agency to the system or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Eleni Straitouri , Lequn Wang , Nastaran Okati , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Requirements are informal and semi-formal descriptions of the expected behavior of a complex system from the viewpoints of its stakeholders (customers, users, operators, designers, and engineers). However, for the purpose of design,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-21 Shalini Ghosh , Daniel Elenius , Wenchao Li , Patrick Lincoln , Natarajan Shankar , Wilfried Steiner

The automated generation of interactive 3D cities is a critical challenge with broad applications in autonomous driving, virtual reality, and embodied intelligence. While recent advances in generative models and procedural techniques have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zishan Liu , Zecong Tang , RuoCheng Wu , Xinzhe Zheng , Jingyu Hu , Ka-Hei Hui , Haoran Xie , Bo Dai , Zhengzhe Liu

The considerable effort of writing requirements is only worthwhile if the result meets two conditions: the requirements reflect stakeholders' needs, and the implementation satisfies them. In usual approaches, the use of different notations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Alexandr Naumchev , Bertrand Meyer , Manuel Mazzara , Florian Galinier , Jean-Michel Bruel , Sophie Ebersold

Since software performance requirements are documented in natural language, quantifying them into mathematical forms is essential for software engineering. Yet, the vagueness in performance requirements and uncertainty of human cognition…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shihai Wang , Tao Chen

Smart Contracts use computer technology to automate the performance of aspects of commercial agreements. Yet how can there be confidence that the computer code is faithful to the intentions of the parties? To understand the depth and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Christopher D. Clack

Urban representation learning encodes complex urban environments into general-purpose embeddings for diverse downstream tasks and emerging urban foundation models. However, current evaluations are limited, typically focusing on one or two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Junyuan Liu , Xinglei Wang , Zichao Zeng , Jiazhuang Feng , Quan Qin , Ilya Ilyankou , Guangsheng Dong , Tao Cheng

The representation of the personal context is complex and essential to improve the help machines can give to humans for making sense of the world, and the help humans can give to machines to improve their efficiency. We aim to design a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Fausto Giunchiglia , Marcelo Rodas Britez , Andrea Bontempelli , Xiaoyue Li

Today, users ask Large language models (LLMs) as assistants to answer queries that require external knowledge; they ask about the weather in a specific city, about stock prices, and even about where specific locations are within their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Jieyu Zhang , Ranjay Krishna , Ahmed H. Awadallah , Chi Wang

Manually checking models for compliance against building regulation is a time-consuming task for architects and construction engineers. There is thus a need for algorithms that process information from construction projects and report…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Nicolas Bus , Ana Roxin , Guillaume Picinbono , Muhammad Fahad