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Advance in technology offer the potential for future adoption of a combination of virtual reality (VR) and real-time adaptivity to enhance training and education. Providing a valid neuro-ergonomic measure of cognitive load can enable an…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most flexible and powerful medical imaging modalities. This flexibility does however come at a cost; MRI images acquired at different sites and with different parameters exhibit significant…

In the past few years, significant advancements were made in reconstruction of observed natural images from fMRI brain recordings using deep-learning tools. Here, for the first time, we show that dense 3D depth maps of observed 2D natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Guy Gaziv , Michal Irani

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is employed as a non-invasive method to monitor functional brain activation by capturing changes in the concentrations of oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated haemo-globin (HbR).…

Mental and cognitive representations are believed to reside on low-dimensional, non-linear manifolds embedded within high-dimensional brain activity. Uncovering these manifolds is key to understanding individual differences in brain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Eloy Geenjaar , Vince Calhoun

Neuroimaging data, particularly from techniques like MRI or PET, offer rich but complex information about brain structure and activity. To manage this complexity, latent representation models - such as Autoencoders, Generative Adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 C. Vázquez-García , F. J. Martínez-Murcia , F. Segovia Román , Juan M. Górriz

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides dynamical access into the complex functioning of the human brain, detailing the hemodynamic activity of thousands of voxels during hundreds of sequential time points. One approach…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2008-01-16 Francois G. Meyer , Greg J. Stephens

Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a type of neuroimaging data used to identify areas of the brain that activate during specific tasks or stimuli. These data are conventionally modeled using a massive univariate approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-04 Daniel A. Spencer , David Bolin , Amanda F. Mejia

The architecture of a neural network and the selection of its activation function are both fundamental to its performance. Equally vital is ensuring these two elements are well-matched, as their alignment is key to achieving effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shijun Zhang , Hongkai Zhao , Yimin Zhong , Haomin Zhou

The human brain is a complex and highly dynamic system, and our current knowledge of its functional mechanism is still very limited. Fortunately, with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we can observe blood oxygen level-dependent…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-31 Yifei Sun , Mariano Cabezas , Jiah Lee , Chenyu Wang , Wei Zhang , Fernando Calamante , Jinglei Lv

Motion simulators allow researchers to safely investigate the interaction of drivers with a vehicle. However, many studies that use driving simulator data to predict cognitive load only employ two levels of workload, leaving a gap in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Mehshan Ahmed Khan , Houshyar Asadi , Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani , Chee Peng Lim , Saied Nahavandi

Finding an appropriate representation of dynamic activities in the brain is crucial for many downstream applications. Due to its highly dynamic nature, temporally averaged fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) can only provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Sikun Lin , Shuyun Tang , Scott Grafton , Ambuj Singh

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides an indirect measurement of neuronal activity via hemodynamic responses that vary across brain regions and individuals. Ignoring this hemodynamic variability can bias downstream…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 William Consagra , Eardi Lila

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis faces significant challenges due to limited dataset sizes and domain variability between studies. Traditional self-supervised learning methods inspired by computer vision often rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-08 Jakub Frac , Alexander Schmatz , Qiang Li , Guido Van Wingen , Shujian Yu

Deep learning methods are increasingly being used with neuroimaging data like structural and function magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. For psychiatric disorders in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-03 Ahmed El Gazzar , Leonardo Cerliani , Guido van Wingen , Rajat Mani Thomas

Visualizing the perceptual content by analyzing human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been an active research area. However, due to its high dimensionality, complex dimensional structure, and small number of samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-27 Yunfeng Lin , Jiangbei Li , Hanjing Wang

Neural decoding, the process of understanding how brain activity corresponds to different stimuli, has been a primary objective in cognitive sciences. Over the past three decades, advances in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yanchen Wang , Adam Turnbull , Tiange Xiang , Yunlong Xu , Sa Zhou , Adnan Masoud , Shekoofeh Azizi , Feng Vankee Lin , Ehsan Adeli

It has become increasingly popular to study the brain as a network due to the realization that functionality cannot be explained exclusively by independent activation of specialized regions. Instead, across a large spectrum of behaviors,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-22 Petko Bogdanov , Nazli Dereli , Danielle S. Bassett , Scott T. Grafton , Ambuj K. Singh

In recent years, the rapid development of neuroimaging technology has been providing many powerful tools for cognitive neuroscience research. Among them, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has high spatial resolution,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Yang Wang , Dongrui Wu

Multimodal neuroimaging modeling has becomes a widely used approach but confronts considerable challenges due to heterogeneity, which encompasses variability in data types, scales, and formats across modalities. This variability…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-15 Gang Qu , Ziyu Zhou , Vince D. Calhoun , Aiying Zhang , Yu-Ping Wang