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Related papers: The learnability of Pauli noise

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The study of the boundary between classically simulable and computationally complex quantum dynamics is fundamental to understanding which physical resources may enable enhanced information-processing capabilities. We investigate this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Moein N. Ivaki , Matias Karjula , Tapio Ala-Nissila

Learning unknown processes affecting a quantum system reveals underlying physical mechanisms and enables suppression, mitigation, and correction of unwanted effects. Describing a general quantum process requires an exponentially large…

Quantum computers have enabled solving problems beyond the current computers' capabilities. However, this requires handling noise arising from unwanted interactions in these systems. Several protocols have been proposed to address efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-14 Ali Shaib , Mohamad H. Naim , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Fadi Kurdahi

A defining feature in the field of quantum computing is the potential of a quantum device to outperform its classical counterpart for a specific computational task. By now, several proposals exist showing that certain sampling problems can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Rawad Mezher , Joe Ghalbouni , Joseph Dgheim , Damian Markham

In this work, we consider biased-noise qubits affected only by bit-flip errors, which is motivated by existing systems of stabilized cat qubits. This property allows us to design a class of noisy Hadamard-tests involving entangling and…

The increasing scale of near-term quantum hardware motivates the need for efficient noise characterization methods, since qubit and gate level techniques cannot capture crosstalk and correlated noise in many qubit systems. While scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Yunchao Liu , Matthew Otten , Roozbeh Bassirianjahromi , Liang Jiang , Bill Fefferman

The goal of benchmarking is to determine how far the output of a noisy system is from its ideal behavior; this becomes exceedingly difficult for large quantum systems where classical simulations become intractable. A common approach is to…

Quantum gate benchmarking is unavoidably influenced by state preparation and measurement errors. Randomized benchmarking addresses this challenge by employing group twirling to regularize the noise channel, then provides a characterization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Han Ye , Guoding Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

Extracting information efficiently from quantum systems is a major component of quantum information processing tasks. Randomized measurements, or classical shadows, enable predicting many properties of arbitrary quantum states using few…

Remarkable experimental advances in quantum computing are exemplified by recent announcements of impressive average gate fidelities exceeding 99.9% for single-qubit gates and 99% for two-qubit gates. Although these high numbers engender…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-29 Yuval R Sanders , Joel J Wallman , Barry C Sanders

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction provides a strategy to protect information processed by a quantum computer against noise which would otherwise corrupt the data. A fault-tolerant universal quantum computer must implement a universal…

We construct a polynomial-time classical algorithm that samples from the output distribution of noisy geometrically local Clifford circuits with any product-state input and single-qubit measurements in any basis. Our results apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Dominik Hangleiter , Michael J. Gullans

Characterizing errors in quantum circuits is essential for device calibration, yet detecting rare error events requires a large number of samples. This challenge is particularly severe in calibrating fault-tolerant, error-corrected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Han Zheng , Chia-Tung Chu , Senrui Chen , Argyris Giannisis Manes , Su-un Lee , Sisi Zhou , Liang Jiang

Understanding the noise affecting a quantum device is of fundamental importance for scaling quantum technologies. A particularly important class of noise models is that of Pauli channels, as randomized compiling techniques can effectively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Omar Fawzi , Aadil Oufkir , Daniel Stilck França

We describe and expand upon the scalable randomized benchmarking protocol proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 180504 (2011) which provides a method for benchmarking quantum gates and estimating the gate-dependence of the noise. The protocol…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-30 Easwar Magesan , Jay M. Gambetta , Joseph Emerson

Noise is often regarded as anathema to quantum computation, but in some settings it can be an unlikely ally. We consider the problem of learning the class of $n$-bit parity functions by making queries to a quantum example oracle. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-05 Andrew W. Cross , Graeme Smith , John A. Smolin

As quantum devices make steady progress towards intermediate scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is essential to develop rigorous and efficient measurement protocols that account for known sources of noise. Most existing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 M. J. Gullans , M. Caranti , A. R. Mills , J. R. Petta

The challenge to achieve practical quantum computing considering current hardware size and gate fidelity is the sensitivity to errors and noise. Recent work has shown that by learning the underlying noise model capturing qubit cross-talk,…

Efficiently characterizing large quantum states and processes is a central yet notoriously challenging task in quantum information science, as conventional tomography methods typically require resources that grow exponentially with system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Chenyang Li , Shengxin Zhuang , Yukun Zhang , Jingbo B. Wang , Xiao Yuan , Yusen Wu , Chuan Wang

Group twirling is crucial in quantum information processing, particularly in randomized benchmarking and random compiling. While protocols based on Pauli twirling have been effectively crafted to transform arbitrary noise channels into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Guoding Liu , Ziyi Xie , Zitai Xu , Xiongfeng Ma