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Context. Gaia is an ESA cornerstone mission launched on 19 December 2013 aiming to obtain the most complete and precise 3D map of our Galaxy by observing more than one billion sources. This paper is part of a series of documents explaining…

Gaia Data Release 3 contains a wealth of new data products for the community. Astrophysical parameters are a major component of this release. They were produced by the Astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis) within the Gaia Data…

We are pursuing a project to build a database of phase calibration sources suitable for Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). Here we present the first release of 45 low frequency calibration sources at 235 MHz and 610 MHz. These…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Dharam V. Lal , Shilpa S. Dubal , Sachin S. Sherkar

The second Gaia data release is based on 22 months of mission data with an average of 0.9 billion individual CCD observations per day. A data volume of this size and granularity requires a robust and reliable but still flexible system to…

Aims. We describe the photometric content of the second data release of the Gaia project (Gaia DR2) and its validation along with the quality of the data. Methods. The validation was mainly carried out using an internal analysis of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-15 D. W. Evans , M. Riello , F. De Angeli , J. M. Carrasco , P. Montegriffo , C. Fabricius , C. Jordi , L. Palaversa , C. Diener , G. Busso , C. Cacciari , F. van Leeuwen

(abridged) The third data release of Gaia, has provided stellar parameters, metallicity [M/H], [{\alpha}/Fe], individual abundances, broadening parameter from its RVS spectra for about 5.6 million objects thanks to the GSP-Spec module. The…

The third Gaia Data Release (DR3) provided photometric time series of more than 2 million long-period variable (LPV) candidates. Anticipating the publication of full radial-velocity (RV) in DR4, this Focused Product Release (FPR) provides…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-11 Gaia Collaboration , Gaia Collaboration , M. Trabucchi , N. Mowlavi , T. Lebzelter , I. Lecoeur-Taibi , M. Audard , L. Eyer , P. García-Lario , P. Gavras , B. Holl , G. Jevardat de Fombelle , K. Nienartowicz , L. Rimoldini , P. Sartoretti , R. Blomme , Y. Frémat , O. Marchal , Y. Damerdji , A. G. A. Brown , A. Guerrier , P. Panuzzo , D. Katz , G. M. Seabroke , K. Benson , R. Haigron , M. Smith , A. Lobel , A. Vallenari , T. Prusti , J. H. J. de Bruijne , F. Arenou , C. Babusiaux , A. Barbier , M. Biermann , O. L. Creevey , C. Ducourant , D. W. Evans , R. Guerra , A. Hutton , C. Jordi , S. A. Klioner , U. Lammers , L. Lindegren , X. Luri , F. Mignard , S. Randich , R. Smiljanic , P. Tanga , N. A. Walton , C. A. L. Bailer-Jones , U. Bastian , M. Cropper , R. Drimmel , M. G. Lattanzi , C. Soubiran , F. van Leeuwen , J. Bakker , J. Castañeda , F. De Angeli , C. Fabricius , M. Fouesneau , L. Galluccio , E. Masana , R. Messineo , C. Nicolas , F. Pailler , F. Riclet , W. Roux , R. Sordo , F. Thévenin , G. Gracia-Abril , J. Portell , D. Teyssier , M. Altmann , J. Berthier , P. W. Burgess , D. Busonero , G. Busso , H. Cánovas , B. Carry , N. Cheek , G. Clementini , M. Davidson , P. de Teodoro , L. Delchambre , A. Dell'Oro , E. Fraile Garcia , D. Garabato , N. Garralda Torres , N. C. Hambly , D. L. Harrison , D. Hatzidimitriou , J. Hernández , S. T. Hodgkin , S. Jamal , S. Jordan , A. Krone-Martins , A. C. Lanzafame , W. Löffler , A. Lorca , P. M. Marrese , A. Moitinho , K. Muinonen , M. Nuñez Campos , I. Oreshina-Slezak , P. Osborne , E. Pancino , T. Pauwels , A. Recio-Blanco , M. Riello , A. C. Robin , T. Roegiers , L. M. Sarro , M. Schultheis , C. Siopis , A. Sozzetti , E. Utrilla , M. van Leeuwen , K. Weingrill , U. Abbas , P. Ábrahám , A. Abreu Aramburu , C. Aerts , G. Altavilla , M. A. Álvarez , J. Alves , F. Anders , R. I. Anderson , T. Antoja , D. Baines , S. G. Baker , Z. Balog , C. Barache , D. Barbato , M. Barros , M. A. Barstow , S. Bartolomé , D. Bashi , N. Bauchet , N. Baudeau , U. Becciani , L. R. Bedin , I. Bellas-Velidis , M. Bellazzini , W. Beordo , A. Berihuete , M. Bernet , C. Bertolotto , S. Bertone , L. Bianchi , A. Binnenfeld , A. Blazere , T. Boch , A. Bombrun , S. Bouquillon , A. Bragaglia , J. Braine , L. Bramante , E. Breedt , A. Bressan , N. Brouillet , E. Brugaletta , B. Bucciarelli , A. G. Butkevich , R. Buzzi , E. Caffau , R. Cancelliere , S. Cannizzo , R. Carballo , T. Carlucci , M. I. Carnerero , J. M. Carrasco , J. Carretero , S. Carton , L. Casamiquela , M. Castellani , A. Castro-Ginard , V. Cesare , P. Charlot , L. Chemin , V. Chiaramida , A. Chiavassa , N. Chornay , R. Collins , G. Contursi , W. J. Cooper , T. Cornez , M. Crosta , C. Crowley , C. Dafonte , M. David , P. de Laverny , F. De Luise , R. De March , J. De Ridder , R. de Souza , A. de Torres , E. F. del Peloso , M. Delbo , A. Delgado , T. E. Dharmawardena , S. Diakite , C. Diener , E. Distefano , C. Dolding , K. Dsilva , J. Durán , H. Enke , P. Esquej , C. Fabre , M. Fabrizio , S. Faigler , M. Fatović , G. Fedorets , J. Fernández-Hernández , P. Fernique , F. Figueras , Y. Fournier , C. Fouron , M. Gai , M. Galinier , A. Garcia-Gutierrez , M. García-Torres , A. Garofalo , E. Gerlach , R. Geyer , P. Giacobbe , G. Gilmore , S. Girona , G. Giuffrida , R. Gomel , A. Gomez , J. González-Núñez , I. González-Santamaría , E. Gosset , M. Granvik , V. Gregori Barrera , R. Gutiérrez-Sánchez , M. Haywood , A. Helmer , A. Helmi , K. Henares , S. L. Hidalgo , T. Hilger , D. Hobbs , C. Hottier , H. E. Huckle , M. Jabłońska , F. Jansen , Ó. Jiménez-Arranz , J. Juaristi Campillo , S. Khanna , G. Kordopatis , Á Kóspál , Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska , M. Kun , S. Lambert , A. F. Lanza , J. -F. Le Campion , Y. Lebreton , S. Leccia , G. Lecoutre , S. Liao , L. Liberato , E. Licata , H. E. P. Lindstrøm , T. A. Lister , E. Livanou , C. Loup , L. Mahy , R. G. Mann , M. Manteiga , J. M. Marchant , M. Marconi , D. Marín Pina , S. Marinoni , D. J. Marshall , J. Martín Lozano , J. M. Martín-Fleitas , G. Marton , N. Mary , A. Masip , D. Massari , A. Mastrobuono-Battisti , T. Mazeh , P. J. McMillan , J. Meichsner , S. Messina , D. Michalik , N. R. Millar , A. Mints , D. Molina , R. Molinaro , L. Molnár , G. Monari , M. Monguió , P. Montegriffo , A. Montero , R. Mor , A. Mora , R. Morbidelli , T. Morel , D. Morris , D. Munoz , T. Muraveva , C. P. Murphy , I. Musella , Z. Nagy , S. Nieto , L. Noval , A. Ogden , C. Ordenovic , C. Pagani , I. Pagano , L. Palaversa , P. A. Palicio , L. Pallas-Quintela , A. Panahi , C. Panem , S. Payne-Wardenaar , L. Pegoraro , A. Penttilä , P. Pesciullesi , A. M. Piersimoni , M. Pinamonti , F. -X. Pineau , E. Plachy , G. Plum , E. Poggio , D. Pourbaix , A. Prša , L. Pulone , E. Racero , M. Rainer , C. M. Raiteri , P. Ramos , M. Ramos-Lerate , M. Ratajczak , P. Re Fiorentin , S. Regibo , C. Reylé , V. Ripepi , A. Riva , H. -W. Rix , G. Rixon , N. Robichon , C. Robin , M. Romero-Gómez , N. Rowell , F. Royer , D. Ruz Mieres , K. A. Rybicki , G. Sadowski , A. Sáez Núñez , A. Sagristà Sellés , J. Sahlmann , V. Sanchez Gimenez , N. Sanna , R. Santoveña , M. Sarasso , C. Sarrate Riera , E. Sciacca , J. C. Segovia , D. Ségransan , S. Shahaf , A. Siebert , L. Siltala , E. Slezak , R. L. Smart , O. N. Snaith , E. Solano , F. Solitro , D. Souami , J. Souchay , L. Spina , E. Spitoni , F. Spoto , L. A. Squillante , I. A. Steele , H. Steidelmüller , J. Surdej , L. Szabados , F. Taris , M. B. Taylor , R. Teixeira , K. Tisanić , L. Tolomei , F. Torra , G. Torralba Elipe , M. Tsantaki , A. Ulla , N. Unger , O. Vanel , A. Vecchiato , D. Vicente , S. Voutsinas , M. Weiler , Ł. Wyrzykowski , H. Zhao , J. Zorec , T. Zwitter , L. Balaguer-Núñez , N. Leclerc , S. Morgenthaler , G. Robert , S. Zucker

Gaia Data Release 2 (Gaia DR2) contains results for 1693 million sources in the magnitude range 3 to 21 based on observations collected by the European Space Agency Gaia satellite during the first 22 months of its operational phase. We…

In this letter, we have carried out an independent validation of the Gaia EDR3 photometry using about 10,000 Landolt standard stars from Clem & Landolt (2013). Using a machine learning technique, the UBVRI magnitudes are converted into the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Lin Yang , Haibo Yuan , Ruoyi Zhang , Zexi Niu , Yang Huang , Fuqing Duan , Yi Fang

Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHB) are expected to produce periodic modulations in active galactic nuclei (AGN) light curves, but distinguishing such signals from stochastic red-noise variability remains a major challenge. We present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Pablo Huijse , Jordy Davelaar , Joris De Ridder , Nicholas Jannsen , Conny Aerts

The tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) is a standard candle that can be used to help refine the determination of the Hubble constant. $Gaia$ Data Release 3 (DR3) provides synthetic photometry constructed from low-resolution BP/RP spectra…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-07-26 Siyang Li , Stefano Casertano , Adam G. Riess

The Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3), published in June 2022, delivers a diverse set of astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopic measurements for more than a billion stars. The wealth and complexity of the data makes traditional approaches for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-15 F. Anders , A. Khalatyan , A. B. A. Queiroz , S. Nepal , C. Chiappini

Gaia is an astrometric space experiment that is measuring positions, proper motions as well as parallaxes for a huge number of stars. It operates a medium-dispersion spectrometer, the RVS, that provides spectra and thus radial velocity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-24 E. Gosset , Y. Damerdji , T. Morel , L. Delchambre , J. -L. Halbwachs , G. Sadowski , D. Pourbaix , A. Sozzetti , P. Panuzzo , F. Arenou

CONTEXT: The second Gaia data release (DR2) took place on April 2018. DR2 included photometry for more than 1.3 10^9 sources in G, BP, and RP. Even though Gaia DR2 photometry is very precise, there are currently three alternative…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 J. Maíz Apellániz , M. Weiler

Gaia Photometric Science Alerts (GPSA) publishes Gaia G magnitudes and Blue Photometer (BP) and Red Photometer (RP) low-resolution epoch spectra of transient events. 27 high-resolution spectra from Gaia's Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS)…

We investigate a sample of 3412 {\it International Celestial Reference Frame} (ICRF3) extragalactic radio-loud sources with accurate positions determined by VLBI in the S/X band, mostly active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars, which are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-20 Valeri V. Makarov , Ciprian T. Berghea , Julien Frouard , Alan Fey , Henrique R. Schmitt

Aims. Gaia DR3 GSP-Phot and GSP-Spec parameters of known K- and M-type stars with luminosity class I are examined and compared with parameters collected from the literature, to assess their accuracy and their potential for stellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-22 Maria Messineo

Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) provides extensive information on the astrophysical properties of stars, such as effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and luminosity, for over 470 million objects. However, as Gaia's stellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-20 Aleksandra S. Avdeeva , Dana A. Kovaleva , Oleg Yu. Malkov , Gang Zhao

At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. We summarize Gaia DR1 and provide illustrations…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-15 Gaia Collaboration , A. G. A. Brown , A. Vallenari , T. Prusti , J. de Bruijne , F. Mignard , R. Drimmel , 585 co-authors

We describe the preliminary results of a ground-based observing campaign aimed at building a grid of approximately 200 spectro-photometric standard stars (SPSS), with an internal $\simeq 1$\% accuracy (and sub-percent precision), tied to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-23 Nicoletta Sanna , Elena Pancino , Giuseppe Altavilla , Silvia Marinoni , Monica Rainer