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Centrality metrics are a popular tool in Network Science to identify important nodes within a graph. We introduce the Potential Gain as a centrality measure that unifies many walk-based centrality metrics in graphs and captures the notion…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Pasquale De Meo , Mark Levene , Fabrizio Messina , Alessandro Provetti

In this paper, we hope to bring closer graph theory and consensus algorithms. Firstly, we give a brief introduction to graph theory by listing a concise definition. Then we analyze and visualize some commonly used graphs. Secondly, we…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Shen Zheng

Measuring similarity between complex objects is a fundamental task in many scientific fields. When objects are represented as graphs, graph similarity/distance measures offer a powerful framework for quantifying structural resemblance.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Matthias Dehmer , Izudin Redžepović , Niko Tratnik , Petra Žigert Pleteršek

Massive network exploration is an important research direction with many applications. In such a setting, the network is, usually, modeled as a graph $G$, whereas any structural information of interest is extracted by inspecting the way…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Panagiotis Strouthopoulos , Apostolos Papadopoulos

For a set $S$ of vertices and the vertex $v$ in a connected graph $G$, $\displaystyle\max_{x \in S}d(x,v)$ is called the $S$-eccentricity of $v$ in $G$. The set of vertices with minimum $S$-eccentricity is called the $S$-center of $G$. Any…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-12-12 Ram Kumar. R , Kannan Balakrishnan , Manoj Changat , A. Sreekumar , Prasanth G. Narasimha-Shenoi

We propose a new family of combinatorial inference problems for graphical models. Unlike classical statistical inference where the main interest is point estimation or parameter testing, combinatorial inference aims at testing the global…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Matey Neykov , Junwei Lu , Han Liu

We introduce a taxonomy of interaction types and show that graphs are focal hypergraphs: every graph is canonically a focal hypergraph via its closed neighbourhood structure, and every graph dynamical model is a special case of the general…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-05 Elkaïoum M. Moutuou

A graph $G = (V, E)$ of bounded degree has an adjacency operator~$A$ which acts on the Hilbert space $\ell^2(V)$. There are different kinds of measures of interest on the spectrum $\Sigma (A)$ of $A$. In particular, each vector $\xi \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-14 Claire Bruchez , Pierre de la Harpe , Tatiana Nagnibeda

We study a family of random graph models - termed subgraph generated models (SUGMs) - initially developed by Chandrasekhar and Jackson in which higher-order structures are explicitly included in the network formation process. We use matrix…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Xinchen Xu , Francesca Parise

Centrality metrics play a crucial role in network analysis, while the choice of specific measures significantly influences the accuracy of conclusions as each measure represents a unique concept of node importance. Among over 400 proposed…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-06 Pavel Chebotarev , Dmitry Gubanov

The essential graph is a distinguished member of a Markov equivalence class of AMP chain graphs. However, the directed edges in the essential graph are not necessarily strong or invariant, i.e. they may not be shared by every member of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Jose M. Peña

Eigenvector centrality is an established measure of global connectivity, from which the importance and influence of nodes can be inferred. We introduce a local eigenvector centrality that incorporates both local and global connectivity.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ruaridh A. Clark , Francesca Arrigo , Agathe Bouis , Malcolm Macdonald

We consider several families of network centrality measures induced by graph kernels, which include some well-known measures and many new ones. The Self-consistency and Bridge axioms, which appeared earlier in the literature, are closely…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-10-12 Pavel Chebotarev

Centrality metrics have become a popular concept in network science and optimization. Over the years, centrality has been used to assign importance and identify influential elements in various settings, including transportation,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Mustafa Can Camur , Chrysafis Vogiatzis

Measures of node centrality that describe the importance of a node within a network are crucial for understanding the behavior of social networks and graphs. In this paper, we address the problems of distributed estimation and control of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Eduardo Montijano , Gabriele Oliva , Andrea Gasparri

In this paper, we introduce the concept of principal communities and propose a principal graph encoder embedding method that concurrently detects these communities and achieves vertex embedding. Given a graph adjacency matrix with vertex…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Cencheng Shen , Yuexiao Dong , Carey E. Priebe , Jonathan Larson , Ha Trinh , Youngser Park

In network analysis and graph mining, closeness centrality is a popular measure to infer the importance of a vertex. Computing closeness efficiently for individual vertices received considerable attention. The NP-hard problem of group…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Eugenio Angriman , Alexander van der Grinten , Henning Meyerhenke

Computing subgraph frequencies is a fundamental task that lies at the core of several network analysis methodologies, such as network motifs and graphlet-based metrics, which have been widely used to categorize and compare networks from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Pedro Ribeiro , Pedro Paredes , Miguel E. P. Silva , David Aparicio , Fernando Silva

Finding dense subgraphs of a large network is a fundamental problem in graph mining that has been studied extensively both for its theoretical richness and its many practical applications over the last five decades. However, most existing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Ali Behrouz , Farnoosh Hashemi

Betweenness centrality (BC) is one of the most used centrality measures for network analysis, which seeks to describe the importance of nodes in a network in terms of the fraction of shortest paths that pass through them. It is key to many…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Changjun Fan , Li Zeng , Yuhui Ding , Muhao Chen , Yizhou Sun , Zhong Liu