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The second data release of the Gaia mission has revealed a very rich structure in local velocity space. In terms of in-plane motions, this rich structure is also seen as multiple ridges in the actions of the axisymmetric background…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-06-19 Giacomo Monari , Benoit Famaey , Arnaud Siebert , Christopher Wegg , Ortwin Gerhard

We have investigated the possibilities to quantify how much stars move in the Milky Way stellar disk due to diffuse processes (i.e. so called blurring) and due to influences from spiral arms and the bar (i.e. so called churning). To this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-19 Sofia Feltzing , J. Bradley Bowers , Oscar Agertz

Galactic disks are highly responsive systems that often undergo external perturbations and subsequent collisionless equilibration, predominantly via phase-mixing. We use linear perturbation theory to study the response of infinite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-29 Uddipan Banik , Martin D. Weinberg , Frank C. van den Bosch

By combining the {\it LAMOST} and {\it Gaia} data, we investigate the vertical phase mixing across the Galactic disk. Our results confirm the existence of the phase space snail shells (or phase spirals) from 6 to 12 kpc. We find that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-28 Zhao-Yu Li

The vertical structure and dynamics of stars in our local Galactic neighbourhood contains much information about the local distribution of visible and dark matter and of perturbations to the Milky Way disc. We use data on the positions and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-08 Morgan Bennett , Jo Bovy

The North-South asymmetry in the number density and bulk velocity of stars in the solar neighborhood provides valuable insights into the formation and evolution of the Milky Way disk. Our objective is to investigate the wave-like disk…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-26 Tao Wang , Bing-Qiu Chen , Jian-Hui Lian , Mao-Sheng Xiang , Xiao-Wei Liu

Action space synthesizes the orbital information of stars and is well-suited to analyse the rich kinematic substructure of the disc in the \emph{Gaia} DR2 radial velocity sample (RVS). We revisit the strong perturbation induced in the Milky…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-29 Wilma H. Trick , Francesca Fragkoudi , Jason A. S. Hunt , J. Ted Mackereth , Simon D. M. White

Using young open clusters and O--B2-type stars in~\emph{Gaia}~DR3, we investigate the kinematics of the local spiral structure. In general, the young sources in the outer spiral arms may present larger peculiar motions than those in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-25 Dejian Liu , Ye Xu , Chaojie Hao , Shuaibo Bian , Zehao Lin , Yingjie Li , Jingjing Li

We develop a linear perturbative formalism to compute the response of an inhomogeneous stellar disk embedded in a non-responsive dark matter halo to perturbations like bars, spiral arms and satellite galaxy encounters. Without self-gravity…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-07-26 Uddipan Banik , Frank C. van den Bosch , Martin D. Weinberg

We use $Gaia$ eDR3 data and legacy spectroscopic surveys to map the Milky Way disc substructure towards the Galactic Anticenter at heliocentric distances $d\geq10\,\rm{kpc}$. We report the discovery of multiple previously undetected new…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-27 Chervin F. P. Laporte , Sergey E. Koposov , Vasily Belokurov

We compare the stellar motion around a spiral arm created in two different scenarios, transient/co-rotating spiral arms and density-wave-like spiral arms. We generate Gaia mock data from snapshots of the simulations following these two…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-17 D. Kawata , J. A. S. Hunt , R. J. J. Grand , A. Siebert , S. Pasetto , M. Cropper

With the start of the Gaia era, the time has come to address the major challenge of deriving the star formation history and evolution of the disk of our MilkyWay. Here we review our present knowledge of the outer regions of the Milky Way…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-02 Francesca Figueras

The spatial distribution of chemical elements in the Galactic disk provides key constraints on models of galaxy evolution. However, studies using planetary nebulae (PNe) as tracers have been historically limited by large uncertainties in…

Context: Because of our viewing point within the Galactic disc, it is extremely difficult to observe the spiral structure of the Milky Way. Aims: To clarify the structure of the Galaxy by re-examination of gas distributions and data from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 Charles Francis , Erik Anderson

We apply a statistical deconvolution of the parallax errors based on Lucy's inversion method (LIM) to the Gaia-DR3 sources to measure their three dimensional velocity components in the range of Galactocentric distances $R$ between 8 kpc and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-04 Hai-Feng Wang , Žofia Chrobáková , Martín López-Corredoira , Francesco Sylos Labini

We present an atlas and follow-up spectroscopic observations of 87 thin stream-like structures detected with the STREAMFINDER algorithm in Gaia DR3, of which 29 are new discoveries. Here we focus on using these streams to refine mass models…

In this fourth article on weighing the Galactic disk using the shape of the phase-space spiral, we have tested our method on a billion particle three-dimensional N-body simulation, comprised of a Milky Way like host galaxy and a merging…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-06 Axel Widmark , Jason A. S. Hunt , Chervin F. P. Laporte , Giacomo Monari

We investigate the spatiotemporal structure of simulations of the homogeneous slab and isothermal plane models for the vertical motion in the Galactic disc. We use Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) to compute eigenfunctions of the simulated…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-17 Keir Darling , Lawrence M. Widrow

We highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar population selections. We do not aim here…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-15 Gaia Collaboration , C. Babusiaux , F. van Leeuwen , M. A. Barstow , C. Jordi , A. Vallenari , D. Bossini , A. Bressan , T. Cantat-Gaudin , M. van Leeuwen , A. G. A. Brown , T. Prusti , J. H. J. de Bruijne , C. A. L. Bailer-Jones , M. Biermann , D. W. Evans , L. Eyer , F. Jansen , S. A. Klioner , U. Lammers , L. Lindegren , X. Luri , F. Mignard , C. Panem , D. Pourbaix , S. Randich , P. Sartoretti , H. I. Siddiqui , C. Soubiran , N. A. Walton , F. Arenou , U. Bastian , M. Cropper , R. Drimmel , D. Katz , M. G. Lattanzi , J. Bakker , C. Cacciari , J. Castañeda , L. Chaoul , N. Cheek , F. DeAngeli , C. Fabricius , R. Guerra , B. Holl , E. Masana , R. Messineo , N. Mowlavi , K. Nienartowicz , P. Panuzzo , J. Portell , M. Riello , G. M. Seabroke , P. Tanga , F. Thévenin , G. Gracia-Abril , G. Comoretto , M. Garcia-Reinaldos , D. Teyssier , M. Altmann , R. Andrae , M. Audard , I. Bellas-Velidis , K. Benson , J. Berthier , R. Blomme , P. Burgess , G. Busso , B. Carry , A. Cellino , G. Clementini , M. Clotet , O. Creevey , M. Davidson , J. DeRidder , L. Delchambre , A. Dell'Oro , C. Ducourant , J. Fernández-Hernández , M. Fouesneau , Y. Frémat , L. Galluccio , M. García-Torres , J. González-Núñez , J. J. González-Vidal , E. Gosset , L. P. Guy , J. -L. Halbwachs , N. C. Hambly , D. L. Harrison , J. Hernández , D. Hestroffer , S. T. Hodgkin , A. Hutton , G. Jasniewicz , A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo , S. Jordan , A. J. Korn , A. Krone-Martins , A. C. Lanzafame , T. Lebzelter , W. Löffler , M. Manteiga , P. M. Marrese , J. M. Martín-Fleitas , A. Moitinho , A. Mora , K. Muinonen , J. Osinde , E. Pancino , T. Pauwels , J. -M. Petit , A. Recio-Blanco , P. J. Richards , L. Rimoldini , A. C. Robin , L. M. Sarro , C. Siopis , M. Smith , A. Sozzetti , M. Süveges , J. Torra , W. vanReeven , U. Abbas , A. Abreu Aramburu , S. Accart , C. Aerts , G. Altavilla , M. A. Álvarez , R. Alvarez , J. Alves , R. I. Anderson , A. H. Andrei , E. Anglada Varela , E. Antiche , T. Antoja , B. Arcay , T. L. Astraatmadja , N. Bach , S. G. Baker , L. Balaguer-Núñez , P. Balm , C. Barache , C. Barata , D. Barbato , F. Barblan , P. S. Barklem , D. Barrado , M. Barros , S. Bartholomé Muñoz , J. -L. Bassilana , U. Becciani , M. Bellazzini , A. Berihuete , S. Bertone , L. Bianchi , O. Bienaymé , S. Blanco-Cuaresma , T. Boch , C. Boeche , A. Bombrun , R. Borrachero , S. Bouquillon , G. Bourda , A. Bragaglia , L. Bramante , M. A. Breddels , N. Brouillet , T. Brüsemeister , E. Brugaletta , B. Bucciarelli , A. Burlacu , D. Busonero , A. G. Butkevich , R. Buzzi , E. Caffau , R. Cancelliere , G. Cannizzaro , R. Carballo , T. Carlucci , J. M. Carrasco , L. Casamiquela , M. Castellani , A. Castro-Ginard , P. Charlot , L. Chemin , A. Chiavassa , G. Cocozza , G. Costigan , S. Cowell , F. Crifo , M. Crosta , C. Crowley , J. Cuypers , C. Dafonte , Y. Damerdji , A. Dapergolas , P. David , M. David , P. deLaverny , F. DeLuise , R. DeMarch , D. deMartino , R. deSouza , A. deTorres , J. Debosscher , E. delPozo , M. Delbo , A. Delgado , H. E. Delgado , S. Diakite , C. Diener , E. Distefano , C. Dolding , P. Drazinos , J. Durán , B. Edvardsson , H. Enke , K. Eriksson , P. Esquej , G. Eynard Bontemps , C. Fabre , M. Fabrizio , S. Faigler , A. J. Falcão , M. Farràs Casas , L. Federici , G. Fedorets , P. Fernique , F. Figueras , F. Filippi , K. Findeisen , A. Fonti , E. Fraile , M. Fraser , B. Frézouls , M. Gai , S. Galleti , D. Garabato , F. García-Sedano , A. Garofalo , N. Garralda , A. Gavel , P. Gavras , J. Gerssen , R. Geyer , P. Giacobbe , G. Gilmore , S. Girona , G. Giuffrida , F. Glass , M. Gomes , M. Granvik , A. Gueguen , A. Guerrier , J. Guiraud , R. Gutiérrez-Sánchez , R. Haigron , D. Hatzidimitriou , M. Hauser , M. Haywood , U. Heiter , A. Helmi , J. Heu , T. Hilger , D. Hobbs , W. Hofmann , G. Holland , H. E. Huckle , A. Hypki , V. Icardi , K. Janßen , G. JevardatdeFombelle , P. G. Jonker , Á. L. Juhász , F. Julbe , A. Karampelas , A. Kewley , J. Klar , A. Kochoska , R. Kohley , K. Kolenberg , M. Kontizas , E. Kontizas , S. E. Koposov , G. Kordopatis , Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska , P. Koubsky , S. Lambert , A. F. Lanza , Y. Lasne , J. -B. Lavigne , Y. LeFustec , C. LePoncin-Lafitte , Y. Lebreton , S. Leccia , N. Leclerc , I. Lecoeur-Taibi , H. Lenhardt , F. Leroux , S. Liao , E. Licata , H. E. P. Lindstrøm , T. A. Lister , E. Livanou , A. Lobel , M. López , S. Managau , R. G. Mann , G. Mantelet , O. Marchal , J. M. Marchant , M. Marconi , S. Marinoni , G. Marschalkó , D. J. Marshall , M. Martino , G. Marton , N. Mary , D. Massari , G. Matijevič , T. Mazeh , P. J. McMillan , S. Messina , D. Michalik , N. R. Millar , D. Molina , R. Molinaro , L. Molnár , P. Montegriffo , R. Mor , R. Morbidelli , T. Morel , D. Morris , A. F. Mulone , T. Muraveva , I. Musella , G. Nelemans , L. Nicastro , L. Noval , W. O'Mullane , C. Ordénovic , D. Ordóñez-Blanco , P. Osborne , C. Pagani , I. Pagano , F. Pailler , H. Palacin , L. Palaversa , A. Panahi , M. Pawlak , A. M. Piersimoni , F. -X. Pineau , E. Plachy , G. Plum , E. Poggio , E. Poujoulet , A. Prša , L. Pulone , E. Racero , S. Ragaini , N. Rambaux , M. Ramos-Lerate , S. Regibo , C. Reylé , F. Riclet , V. Ripepi , A. Riva , A. Rivard , G. Rixon , T. Roegiers , M. Roelens , M. Romero-Gómez , N. Rowell , F. Royer , L. Ruiz-Dern , G. Sadowski , T. Sagristà Sellés , J. Sahlmann , J. Salgado , E. Salguero , N. Sanna , T. Santana-Ros , M. Sarasso , H. Savietto , M. Schultheis , E. Sciacca , M. Segol , J. C. Segovia , D. Ségransan , I-C. Shih , L. Siltala , A. F. Silva , R. L. Smart , K. W. Smith , E. Solano , F. Solitro , R. Sordo , S. SoriaNieto , J. Souchay , A. Spagna , F. Spoto , U. Stampa , I. A. Steele , H. Steidelmüller , C. A. Stephenson , H. Stoev , F. F. Suess , J. Surdej , L. Szabados , E. Szegedi-Elek , D. Tapiador , F. Taris , G. Tauran , M. B. Taylor , R. Teixeira , D. Terrett , P. Teyssandier , W. Thuillot , A. Titarenko , F. TorraClotet , C. Turon , A. Ulla , E. Utrilla , S. Uzzi , M. Vaillant , G. Valentini , V. Valette , A. vanElteren , E. Van Hemelryck , M. Vaschetto , A. Vecchiato , J. Veljanoski , Y. Viala , D. Vicente , S. Vogt , C. vonEssen , H. Voss , V. Votruba , S. Voutsinas , G. Walmsley , M. Weiler , O. Wertz , T. Wevers , Ł. Wyrzykowski , A. Yoldas , M. Žerjal , H. Ziaeepour , J. Zorec , S. Zschocke , S. Zucker , C. Zurbach , T. Zwitter

The structure of spiral galaxies is essential to understanding the dynamics and evolution of disk galaxies; however, the precise nature of spiral arms remains uncertain. Two challenges in understanding the mechanisms driving spirals are how…