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Fisher information matrices and neural tangent kernels (NTK) for 2-layer ReLU networks with random hidden weight are argued. We discuss the relation between both notions as a linear transformation and show that spectral decomposition of NTK…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Jun'ichi Takeuchi , Yoshinari Takeishi , Noboru Murata , Kazushi Mimura , Ka Long Keith Ho , Hiroshi Nagaoka

The evolution of a deep neural network trained by the gradient descent can be described by its neural tangent kernel (NTK) as introduced in [20], where it was proven that in the infinite width limit the NTK converges to an explicit limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Jiaoyang Huang , Horng-Tzer Yau

In this paper, we study the generalization performance of min $\ell_2$-norm overfitting solutions for the neural tangent kernel (NTK) model of a two-layer neural network with ReLU activation that has no bias term. We show that, depending on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Peizhong Ju , Xiaojun Lin , Ness B. Shroff

Quantization of weights of deep neural networks (DNN) has proven to be an effective solution for the purpose of implementing DNNs on edge devices such as mobiles, ASICs and FPGAs, because they have no sufficient resources to support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Tianyu Zhang , Lei Zhu , Qian Zhao , Kilho Shin

In this work, we investigate the generalization properties of random feature methods. Our analysis extends prior results for Tikhonov regularization to a broad class of spectral regularization techniques and further generalizes the setting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-03 Mike Nguyen , Nicole Mücke

Quantization lowers memory usage, computational requirements, and latency by utilizing fewer bits to represent model weights and activations. In this work, we investigate the generalization properties of quantized neural networks, a…

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) characterizes the behavior of infinitely-wide neural networks trained under least squares loss by gradient descent. Recent works also report that NTK regression can outperform finitely-wide neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Amir Zandieh , Insu Han , Haim Avron , Neta Shoham , Chaewon Kim , Jinwoo Shin

The overparameterization of variational quantum circuits, as a model of Quantum Neural Networks (QNN), not only improves their trainability but also serves as a method for evaluating the property of a given ansatz by investigating their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Ali Rad

As a popular approach to modeling the dynamics of training overparametrized neural networks (NNs), the neural tangent kernels (NTK) are known to fall behind real-world NNs in generalization ability. This performance gap is in part due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Shuxiao Chen , Hangfeng He , Weijie J. Su

Quantized neural networks typically require smaller memory footprints and lower computation complexity, which is crucial for efficient deployment. However, quantization inevitably leads to a distribution divergence from the original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Runpei Dong , Zhanhong Tan , Mengdi Wu , Linfeng Zhang , Kaisheng Ma

Recent works have partly attributed the generalization ability of over-parameterized neural networks to frequency bias -- networks trained with gradient descent on data drawn from a uniform distribution find a low frequency fit before high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Ronen Basri , Meirav Galun , Amnon Geifman , David Jacobs , Yoni Kasten , Shira Kritchman

Quantization of neural networks has become common practice, driven by the need for efficient implementations of deep neural networks on embedded devices. In this paper, we exploit an oft-overlooked degree of freedom in most networks - for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Eldad Meller , Alexander Finkelstein , Uri Almog , Mark Grobman

Bounds on the smallest eigenvalue of the neural tangent kernel (NTK) are a key ingredient in the analysis of neural network optimization and memorization. However, existing results require distributional assumptions on the data and are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-24 Kedar Karhadkar , Michael Murray , Guido Montúfar

Quantization neural networks (QNNs) are very attractive to the industry because their extremely cheap calculation and storage overhead, but their performance is still worse than that of networks with full-precision parameters. Most of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Chuanjian Liu , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang , Hanting Chen , Qi Tian , Chunjing Xu

Little is known about the training dynamics of equivariant neural networks, in particular how it compares to data augmented training of their non-equivariant counterparts. Recently, neural tangent kernels (NTKs) have emerged as a powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Philipp Misof , Pan Kessel , Jan E. Gerken

Although deep neural networks are highly effective, their high computational and memory costs severely challenge their applications on portable devices. As a consequence, low-bit quantization, which converts a full-precision neural network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jiwei Yang , Xu Shen , Jun Xing , Xinmei Tian , Houqiang Li , Bing Deng , Jianqiang Huang , Xiansheng Hua

Random feature approximation is arguably one of the most widely used techniques for kernel methods in large-scale learning algorithms. In this work, we analyze the generalization properties of random feature methods, extending previous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-23 Mike Nguyen , Nicole Mücke

Recent research shows that the following two models are equivalent: (a) infinitely wide neural networks (NNs) trained under l2 loss by gradient descent with infinitesimally small learning rate (b) kernel regression with respect to so-called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Sanjeev Arora , Simon S. Du , Zhiyuan Li , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Ruosong Wang , Dingli Yu

While neural networks have been remarkably successful in a wide array of applications, implementing them in resource-constrained hardware remains an area of intense research. By replacing the weights of a neural network with quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Jinjie Zhang , Yixuan Zhou , Rayan Saab

In multi-objective optimization, multiple loss terms are weighted and added together to form a single objective. These weights are chosen to properly balance the competing losses according to some meta-goal. For example, in physics-informed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Max Hirsch , Federico Pichi