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The analysis of long sequence data remains challenging in many real-world applications. We propose a novel architecture, ChunkFormer, that improves the existing Transformer framework to handle the challenges while dealing with long time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Yue Ju , Alka Isac , Yimin Nie

Character-level string-to-string transduction is an important component of various NLP tasks. The goal is to map an input string to an output string, where the strings may be of different lengths and have characters taken from different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shijie Wu , Pamela Shapiro , Ryan Cotterell

Neural networks using transformer-based architectures have recently demonstrated great power and flexibility in modeling sequences of many types. One of the core components of transformer networks is the attention layer, which allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Matthew Spellings

A sequence-to-sequence model is a neural network module for mapping two sequences of different lengths. The sequence-to-sequence model has three core modules: encoder, decoder, and attention. Attention is the bridge that connects the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Softmax attention is the cornerstone of modern large language models, but its memory scales linearly and compute quadratically with sequence length. Linear recurrent models, such as linear attention and state space models, have become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kevin Y. Li , Asher Trockman , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Ziteng Sun

Chord recognition serves as a critical task in music information retrieval due to the abstract and descriptive nature of chords in music analysis. While audio chord recognition systems have achieved significant accuracy for small…

Recurrent neural network architectures combining with attention mechanism, or neural attention model, have shown promising performance recently for the tasks including speech recognition, image caption generation, visual question answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-04 Sheng-syun Shen , Hung-yi Lee

Transformer models have been successful in various sequence processing tasks, but the self-attention mechanism's computational cost limits its practicality for long sequences. Although there are existing attention variants that improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Zicheng Liu , Li Wang , Siyuan Li , Zedong Wang , Haitao Lin , Stan Z. Li

Scaling sequence length has become a critical demand in the era of large language models. However, existing methods struggle with either computational complexity or model expressivity, rendering the maximum sequence length restricted. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jiayu Ding , Shuming Ma , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Nanning Zheng , Furu Wei

Effective attention modules have played a crucial role in the success of Transformer-based large language models (LLMs), but the quadratic time and memory complexities of these attention modules also pose a challenge when processing long…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ao Sun , Weilin Zhao , Xu Han , Cheng Yang , Zhiyuan Liu , Chuan Shi , Maosong Sun

The softmax content-based attention mechanism has proven to be very beneficial in many applications of recurrent neural networks. Nevertheless it suffers from two major computational limitations. First, its computations for an attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Alexandre de Brébisson , Pascal Vincent

Sequence labeling architectures use word embeddings for capturing similarity, but suffer when handling previously unseen or rare words. We investigate character-level extensions to such models and propose a novel architecture for combining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Marek Rei , Gamal K. O. Crichton , Sampo Pyysalo

Transformer has shown great successes in natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. As one of its core components, the softmax attention helps to capture long-range dependencies yet prohibits its scale-up due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Zhen Qin , Weixuan Sun , Hui Deng , Dongxu Li , Yunshen Wei , Baohong Lv , Junjie Yan , Lingpeng Kong , Yiran Zhong

Recurrent neural network models with an attention mechanism have proven to be extremely effective on a wide variety of sequence-to-sequence problems. However, the fact that soft attention mechanisms perform a pass over the entire input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Colin Raffel , Minh-Thang Luong , Peter J. Liu , Ron J. Weiss , Douglas Eck

Chord recognition is an important task since chords are highly abstract and descriptive features of music. For effective chord recognition, it is essential to utilize relevant context in audio sequence. While various machine learning models…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Jonggwon Park , Kyoyun Choi , Sungwook Jeon , Dokyun Kim , Jonghun Park

Transformers are powerful sequence models, but require time and memory that grows quadratically with the sequence length. In this paper we introduce sparse factorizations of the attention matrix which reduce this to $O(n \sqrt{n})$. We also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Rewon Child , Scott Gray , Alec Radford , Ilya Sutskever

Self-Attention is a widely used building block in neural modeling to mix long-range data elements. Most self-attention neural networks employ pairwise dot-products to specify the attention coefficients. However, these methods require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Tong Yu , Ruslan Khalitov , Lei Cheng , Zhirong Yang

Modeling ultra-long user behavior sequences is critical for capturing both long- and short-term preferences in industrial recommender systems. Existing solutions typically rely on two-stage retrieval or indirect modeling paradigms, incuring…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Zheng Chai , Qin Ren , Xijun Xiao , Huizhi Yang , Bo Han , Sijun Zhang , Di Chen , Hui Lu , Wenlin Zhao , Lele Yu , Xionghang Xie , Shiru Ren , Xiang Sun , Yaocheng Tan , Peng Xu , Yuchao Zheng , Di Wu

Many machine learning models use the manipulation of dimensions as a driving force to enable models to identify and learn important features in data. In the case of sequential data this manipulation usually happens on the token dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Daniel Biermann , Fabrizio Palumbo , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Transformer-based models are unable to process long sequences due to their self-attention operation, which scales quadratically with the sequence length. To address this limitation, we introduce the Longformer with an attention mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Iz Beltagy , Matthew E. Peters , Arman Cohan
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