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Simultaneous speech translation (SST) generates translations while receiving partial speech input. Recent advances show that large language models (LLMs) can substantially improve SST quality, but at the cost of high computational overhead.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Siqi Ouyang , Shuoyang Ding , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Brian Yan , Boris Ginsburg , Lei Li

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models rely on high-quality transcribed data for effective training. Generating pseudo-labels for large unlabeled audio datasets often relies on complex pipelines that combine multiple ASR outputs through…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Jeena Prakash , Blessingh Kumar , Kadri Hacioglu , Bidisha Sharma , Sindhuja Gopalan , Malolan Chetlur , Shankar Venkatesan , Andreas Stolcke

This paper tackles several challenges that arise when integrating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Machine Translation (MT) for real-time, on-device streaming speech translation. Although state-of-the-art ASR systems based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zeeshan Ahmed , Frank Seide , Niko Moritz , Ju Lin , Ruiming Xie , Simone Merello , Zhe Liu , Christian Fuegen

Given recent advances in generative AI technology, a key question is how large language models (LLMs) can enhance acoustic modeling tasks using text decoding results from a frozen, pretrained automatic speech recognition (ASR) model. To…

We present ALT (ALignment with Textual feedback), an approach that aligns language models with user preferences expressed in text. We argue that text offers greater expressiveness, enabling users to provide richer feedback than simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Saüc Abadal Lloret , Shehzaad Dhuliawala , Keerthiram Murugesan , Mrinmaya Sachan

Training large language representation models has become a standard in the natural language processing community. This allows for fine tuning on any number of specific tasks, however, these large high capacity models can continue to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Kristjan Arumae , Parminder Bhatia

Streaming speech-to-text translation (StreamST) is the task of automatically translating speech while incrementally receiving an audio stream. Unlike simultaneous ST (SimulST), which deals with pre-segmented speech, StreamST faces the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sara Papi , Marco Gaido , Matteo Negri , Luisa Bentivogli

Targeting at both high efficiency and performance, we propose AlignTTS to predict the mel-spectrum in parallel. AlignTTS is based on a Feed-Forward Transformer which generates mel-spectrum from a sequence of characters, and the duration of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-05 Zhen Zeng , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Tian Xia , Jing Xiao

High-dimensional, heterogeneous data with complex feature interactions pose significant challenges for traditional predictive modeling approaches. While Projection to Latent Structures (PLS) remains a popular technique, it struggles to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Farwa Abbas , Hussain Ahmad , Claudia Szabo

Unsupervised word translation from non-parallel inter-lingual corpora has attracted much research interest. Very recently, neural network methods trained with adversarial loss functions achieved high accuracy on this task. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Yedid Hoshen , Lior Wolf

Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation aims to mitigate the interference of extraneous noise by dynamically determining the necessity of retrieving supplementary passages. However, as Large Language Models evolve with increasing robustness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jun Feng , Jiahui Tang , Zhicheng He , Hang Lv , Hongchao Gu , Hao Wang , Xuezhi Yang , Shuai Fang

This work proposes a grammar-based chunking strategy that segments input streams into semantically complete units by parsing dependency relations (e.g., noun phrase boundaries, verb-object structures) and punctuation features. The method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zeyu Yang , Lai Wei , Roman Koshkin , Xi Chen , Satoshi Nakamura

Long-form audio understanding poses significant challenges for large audio language models (LALMs) due to the extreme length of audio sequences and the need to reason over heterogeneous acoustic cues distributed over time, such as speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Masao Someki , Chien-yu Huang , Siddhant Arora , Samuele Cornell , Markus Müller , Nathan Susanj , Rupak V Swaminathan , Grant P Strimel , Jing Liu , Shinji Watanabe

Knowledge-grounded dialogue generation aims to mitigate the issue of text degeneration by incorporating external knowledge to supplement the context. However, the model often fails to internalize this information into responses in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chenxu Yang , Zheng Lin , Lanrui Wang , Chong Tian , Liang Pang , Jiangnan Li , Qirong Ho , Yanan Cao , Weiping Wang

The proliferation of fine-tuned language model experts for specific tasks and domains signals the need for efficient selection and combination methods. We propose LoRA-Augmented Generation (LAG) for leveraging large libraries of knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 William Fleshman , Benjamin Van Durme

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) technologies today are primarily optimized for given datasets; thus, any changes in the application environment (e.g., acoustic conditions or topic domains) may inevitably degrade the performance. We can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Heng-Jui Chang , Hung-yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to generalize to new information by decoupling reasoning capabilities from static knowledge bases. Traditional RAG enhancements have explored vertical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Michael Iannelli , Sneha Kuchipudi , Vera Dvorak

Multilingual generative models obtain remarkable cross-lingual in-context learning capabilities through pre-training on large-scale corpora. However, they still exhibit a performance bias toward high-resource languages and learn isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chong Li , Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Conversational speech normally is embodied with loose syntactic structures at the utterance level but simultaneously exhibits topical coherence relations across consecutive utterances. Prior work has shown that capturing longer context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Bi-Cheng Yan , Hsin-Wei Wang , Shih-Hsuan Chiu , Hsuan-Sheng Chiu , Berlin Chen

Although Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have advanced state-of-the-art performance in machine translation, they face problems like the inadequate translation. We attribute this to that the standard Maximum Likelihood Estimation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Xiang Kong , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Eduard Hovy , Tong Zhang
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