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Controllable Text Generation (CTG) is emerging area in the field of natural language generation (NLG). It is regarded as crucial for the development of advanced text generation technologies that better meet the specific constraints in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Hanqing Zhang , Haolin Song , Shaoyu Li , Ming Zhou , Dawei Song

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to acquire sequence-level planning abilities during training, yet their planning behavior exhibited at inference time often appears short-sighted and inconsistent with these capabilities. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Haijiang Yan , Jian-Qiao Zhu , Adam Sanborn

Incorporating prior knowledge like lexical constraints into the model's output to generate meaningful and coherent sentences has many applications in dialogue system, machine translation, image captioning, etc. However, existing RNN-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Dayiheng Liu , Jie Fu , Qian Qu , Jiancheng Lv

We present a general approach towards controllable societal biases in natural language generation (NLG). Building upon the idea of adversarial triggers, we develop a method to induce societal biases in generated text when input prompts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Emily Sheng , Kai-Wei Chang , Premkumar Natarajan , Nanyun Peng

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in zero-shot language understanding has garnered significant attention. However, employing LLMs for large-scale inference or domain-specific fine-tuning requires immense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ruohong Zhang , Yau-Shian Wang , Yiming Yang

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) are trained on data that inherently contains gender biases, leading to undesirable impacts. Traditional debiasing methods often rely on external corpora, which may lack quality, diversity, or demographic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Liu Yu , Ludie Guo , Ping Kuang , Fan Zhou

This paper investigates controllable generation for large language models (LLMs) with prompt-based control, focusing on Lexically Constrained Generation (LCG). We systematically evaluate the performance of LLMs on satisfying lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Bingxuan Li , Yiwei Wang , Tao Meng , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gearing up to surpass human creativity. The veracity of the statement needs careful consideration. In recent developments, critical questions arise regarding the authenticity of human work and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sai Teja Lekkala , Yadagiri Annepaka , Arun Kumar Challa , Samatha Reddy Machireddy , Partha Pakray , Chukhu Chunka

Recent work on controlled text generation has either required attribute-based fine-tuning of the base language model (LM), or has restricted the parameterization of the attribute discriminator to be compatible with the base autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Kartik Goyal , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Large-scale pre-trained language models have demonstrated strong capabilities of generating realistic text. However, it remains challenging to control the generation results. Previous approaches such as prompting are far from sufficient,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Xu Zou , Da Yin , Qingyang Zhong , Ming Ding , Hongxia Yang , Zhilin Yang , Jie Tang

In recent times, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been trained under two predominant paradigms. Generative training has enabled Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to tackle various complex tasks, yet issues such as hallucinations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Chow , Juncheng Li , Qifan Yu , Kaihang Pan , Hao Fei , Zhiqi Ge , Shuai Yang , Siliang Tang , Hanwang Zhang , Qianru Sun

We propose a Distributional Approach for addressing Controlled Text Generation from pre-trained Language Models (LMs). This approach permits to specify, in a single formal framework, both "pointwise" and "distributional" constraints over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Muhammad Khalifa , Hady Elsahar , Marc Dymetman

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have been proposed as a compromise between white-box and black-box models, aiming to achieve interpretability without sacrificing accuracy. The standard training procedure for CBMs is to predefine a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jean Feng , Avni Kothari , Luke Zier , Chandan Singh , Yan Shuo Tan

Controllable text generation concerns two fundamental tasks of wide applications, namely generating text of given attributes (i.e., attribute-conditional generation), and minimally editing existing text to possess desired attributes (i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Zhiting Hu , Li Erran Li

The use of neural language models to model human behavior has met with mixed success. While some work has found that the surprisal estimates from these models can be used to predict a wide range of human neural and behavioral responses,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Aryaman Chobey , Oliver Smith , Anzi Wang , Grusha Prasad

Computational cognitive models, which formalize theories of cognition, enable researchers to quantify cognitive processes and arbitrate between competing theories by fitting models to behavioral data. Traditionally, these models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Milena Rmus , Akshay K. Jagadish , Marvin Mathony , Tobias Ludwig , Eric Schulz

The field of controllable image generation has seen significant advancements, with various architectures improving generation layout consistency with control signals. However, contemporary methods still face challenges in bridging the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Feng Han , Yang Jiao , Shaoxiang Chen , Junhao Xu , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

As large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed across various domains, the ability to control their generated outputs has become more critical. This control involves aligning LLMs outputs with human values and ethical principles or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Hanyu Zhang , Xiting Wang , Chengao Li , Xiang Ao , Qing He

To guide the generation of large pretrained language models (LM), previous work has focused on directly fine-tuning the language model or utilizing an attribute discriminator. In this work, we propose a novel lightweight framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Jing Qian , Li Dong , Yelong Shen , Furu Wei , Weizhu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionised the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and have achieved state-of-the-art performance in practically every task in this field. However, the prevalent approach used in text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nicolo Micheletti , Samuel Belkadi , Lifeng Han , Goran Nenadic