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Identifying logical errors in complex, incomplete or even contradictory and overall heterogeneous data like students' experimentation protocols is challenging. Recognizing the limitations of current evaluation methods, we investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Arne Bewersdorff , Kathrin Seßler , Armin Baur , Enkelejda Kasneci , Claudia Nerdel

ChatGPT is a conversational artificial intelligence that is a member of the generative pre-trained transformer of the large language model family. This text generative model was fine-tuned by both supervised learning and reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Niful Islam , Debopom Sutradhar , Humaira Noor , Jarin Tasnim Raya , Monowara Tabassum Maisha , Dewan Md Farid

Large Language Models, such as Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (aka. GPT-3), have been developed to understand language through the analysis of extensive text data, allowing them to identify patterns and connections between words.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Baphumelele Masikisiki , Vukosi Marivate , Yvette Hlope

Current methods for few-shot fine-tuning of pretrained masked language models (PLMs) require carefully engineered prompts and verbalizers for each new task to convert examples into a cloze-format that the PLM can score. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Luke Zettlemoyer , James Henderson , Marzieh Saeidi , Lambert Mathias , Veselin Stoyanov , Majid Yazdani

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and publicly available ChatGPT have marked a significant turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into people's everyday lives. This study examines the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sandeep Kumar , Tirthankar Ghosal , Vinayak Goyal , Asif Ekbal

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the most revolutionary technologies today. It uses artificial intelligence to understand human text and spoken words. It is used for text summarization, grammar checking, sentiment analysis, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 G. M. Refatul Islam , Safwan Shaheer , Yaseen Nur , Mohammad Rafid Hamid

The increasing capability of large language models (LLMs) to generate fluent long-form texts is presenting new challenges in distinguishing machine-generated outputs from human-written ones, which is crucial for ensuring authenticity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yufei Tian , Zeyu Pan , Nanyun Peng

Systematic reviews are vital for guiding practice, research, and policy, yet they are often slow and labour-intensive. Large language models (LLMs) could offer a way to speed up and automate systematic reviews, but their performance in such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Qusai Khraisha , Sophie Put , Johanna Kappenberg , Azza Warraitch , Kristin Hadfield

Prevailing methods for mapping large generative language models to supervised tasks may fail to sufficiently probe models' novel capabilities. Using GPT-3 as a case study, we show that 0-shot prompts can significantly outperform few-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Laria Reynolds , Kyle McDonell

Many recent studies have shown the ability of large language models (LLMs) to achieve state-of-the-art performance on many NLP tasks, such as question answering, text summarization, coding, and translation. In some cases, the results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Elnara Galimzhanova , Cristina Ioana Muntean , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Guido Rocchietti

Qualitative analysis is typically limited to small datasets because it is time-intensive. Moreover, a second human rater is required to ensure reliable findings. Artificial intelligence tools may replace human raters if we demonstrate high…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-09-03 Nikhil Sanjay Borse , Ravishankar Chatta Subramaniam , N. Sanjay Rebello

Automatic evaluation of various text quality criteria produced by data-driven intelligent methods is very common and useful because it is cheap, fast, and usually yields repeatable results. In this paper, we present an attempt to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, exhibit advanced capabilities in generating text, images, and videos. However, their effective use remains constrained by challenges in prompt formulation, personalization, and opaque…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Si Thu , A. Baki Kocaballi

There have been many recent advances in the fields of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLM), with the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model being a leading "chatbot." LLM-based chatbots have become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Gauri Anil Godghase , Rishit Agrawal , Tanush Obili , Mark Stamp

Automatic evaluation is an integral aspect of dialogue system research. The traditional reference-based NLG metrics are generally found to be unsuitable for dialogue assessment. Consequently, recent studies have suggested various unique,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Yiming Chen , Malu Zhang , Haizhou Li

A Large Language Model (LLM) is an artificial intelligence system that has been trained on vast amounts of natural language data, enabling it to generate human-like responses to written or spoken language input. GPT-3.5 is an example of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Gaurav Suri , Lily R. Slater , Ali Ziaee , Morgan Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) evaluation is a patchy and inconsistent landscape, and it is becoming clear that the quality of automatic evaluation metrics is not keeping up with the pace of development of generative models. We aim to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Andrea Sottana , Bin Liang , Kai Zou , Zheng Yuan

Keyphrase selection is a challenging task in natural language processing that has a wide range of applications. Adapting existing supervised and unsupervised solutions for the Russian language faces several limitations due to the rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Anna Glazkova , Dmitry Morozov , Timur Garipov

Artificial Intelligence and especially Large Language Models (LLM), such as ChatGPT has revolutionized the way educators work. The results we get from LLMs depend on how we ask them to help us. The process and the technique behind an…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-10-13 Dimitrios Gousopoulos

Programming students have a widespread access to powerful Generative AI tools like ChatGPT. While this can help understand the learning material and assist with exercises, educators are voicing more and more concerns about an overreliance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Christian Rahe , Walid Maalej