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Quantifying hemodynamics in the curved segments of the intracranial internal carotid artery is a core challenge in diagnosing vascular stenosis. Conventional full-field imaging, such as 4D Flow MRI, is costly and difficult to widely…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Jingtai Song , Qinsheng Zhu , Xiaodong Xing , Yufeng Tang , Zhiyun Zhang , Xianwen Zhang , Hao Wu

3D object detection is an essential part of automated driving, and deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for this task. However, deep models are notorious for assigning high confidence scores to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Chengjie Huang , Van Duong Nguyen , Vahdat Abdelzad , Christopher Gus Mannes , Luke Rowe , Benjamin Therien , Rick Salay , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Iterative image reconstruction algorithms for optoacoustic tomography (OAT), also known as photoacoustic tomography, have the ability to improve image quality over analytic algorithms due to their ability to incorporate accurate models of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Kun wang , Richard Su , Alexander A. Oraevsky , Mark A. Anastasio

Computational corrections of defocus and aberrations in optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a promising approach to realize high-resolution imaging with deep imaging depth, but without additional high hardware costs. However, these…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-28 Shuichi Makita , Naoki Fukutake , Lida Zhu , Yoshiaki Yasuno

Electron tomography is a powerful tool for understanding the morphology of materials in three dimensions, but conventional reconstruction algorithms typically suffer from missing-wedge artifacts and data misalignment imposed by experimental…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Cedric Lim , Corneel Casert , Arthur R. C. McCray , Serin Lee , Andrew Barnum , Jennifer Dionne , Colin Ophus

In medical imaging, unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) detection offers an attractive approach for identifying pathological cases with extremely low incidence rates. In contrast to supervised methods, OOD-based approaches function…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Lemar Abdi , Francisco Caetano , Amaan Valiuddin , Christiaan Viviers , Hamdi Joudeh , Fons van der Sommen

3D reconstruction from a single image is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Learning-based methods address its inherent scale ambiguity by leveraging increasingly large labeled and unlabeled datasets, to produce geometric priors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Vitor Guizilini , Pavel Tokmakov , Achal Dave , Rares Ambrus

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has stimulated a wide range of medical image-based diagnosis and treatment in fields such as cardiology and ophthalmology. Such applications can be further facilitated by deep learning-based…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Xueshen Li , Zhenxing Dong , Hongshan Liu , Jennifer J. Kang-Mieler , Yuye Ling , Yu Gan

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a highly ill-posed inverse problem, with the challenge of reconstructing internal conductivities using only boundary voltage measurements. Although Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Xuanxuan Yang , Yangming Zhang , Haofeng Chen , Gang Ma , Xiaojie Wang

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a prevalent, interferometric, high-resolution imaging method with broad biomedical applications. Nonetheless, OCT images suffer from an artifact, called speckle which degrades the image quality. Digital…

At the present time Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is among the most commonly used non-invasive imaging methods for the acquisition of large volumetric scans of human retinal tissues and vasculature. To resolve decisive information from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 D. Sitenko , B. Boll , C. Schnörr

Deformable Image Registration (DIR) plays a significant role in quantifying deformation in medical data. Recent Deep Learning methods have shown promising accuracy and speedup for registering a pair of medical images. However, in 4D (3D +…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Xiao Liang , Shan Lin , Fei Liu , Dimitri Schreiber , Michael Yip

Reconstructing signed distance functions (SDFs) from point cloud data benefits many robot autonomy capabilities, including localization, mapping, motion planning, and control. Methods that support online and large-scale SDF reconstruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Zhirui Dai , Qihao Qian , Tianxing Fan , Nikolay Atanasov

In this chapter a general mathematical model of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is presented on the basis of the electromagnetic theory. OCT produces high resolution images of the inner structure of biological tissues. Images are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Peter Elbau , Leonidas Mindrinos , Otmar Scherzer

Intraoperative CT imaging serves as a crucial resource for surgical guidance; however, it may not always be readily accessible or practical to implement. In scenarios where CT imaging is not an option, reconstructing CT scans from X-rays…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Zhi Qiao , Xuhui Liu , Xiaopeng Wang , Runkun Liu , Xiantong Zhen , Pei Dong , Zhen Qian

Omnidirectional 360{\deg} camera proliferates rapidly for autonomous robots since it significantly enhances the perception ability by widening the field of view(FoV). However, corresponding 360{\deg} depth sensors, which are also critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Xinjing Cheng , Peng Wang , Yanqi Zhou , Chenye Guan , Ruigang Yang

Spatial resolution in optical microscopy has traditionally been treated as a fixed parameter of the optical system. Here, we present an approach to enhance transverse resolution in beam-scanned optical coherence tomography (OCT) beyond its…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-22 Nichaluk Leartprapun , Steven G. Adie

A method is proposed for high-resolution, three-dimensional reconstruction of internal structure of objects from planar transmission images. The described approach can be used with any form of radiation or matter waves, in principle,…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-24 T. E. Gureyev , H. M. Quiney , L. J. Allen

A two-step shape reconstruction method for diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is presented which uses adjoint fields and level sets. The propagation of near-infrared photons in tissue is modeled by the time-dependent linear transport…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Oliver Dorn

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an emerging medical imaging modality for luminal organ diagnosis. The non-constant rotation speed of optical components in the OCT catheter tip causes rotational distortion in OCT volumetric scanning.…