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This paper studies the properties of debiased machine learning (DML) estimators under a novel asymptotic framework, offering insights for improving the performance of these estimators in applications. DML is an estimation method suited to…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-11-05 Amilcar Velez

Debiased machine learning estimators for smooth functionals in nonparametric models can exhibit substantial variability and instability, often leading practitioners to instead rely on parametric or semiparametric working models. Such…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Lars van der Laan , Marco Carone , Alex Luedtke , Mark van der Laan

We develop a unified framework for automatic debiased machine learning (autoDML) for inference on a broad class of statistical parameters. The framework applies to any smooth functional of a nonparametric M-estimand, defined as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-23 Lars van der Laan , Aurelien Bibaut , Nathan Kallus , Alex Luedtke

Doubly robust estimators are widely used for estimating average treatment effects and other linear summaries of regression functions. While consistency requires only one of two nuisance functions to be estimated consistently, asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-01 Lars van der Laan , Alex Luedtke , Marco Carone

Popular debiased estimation methods for causal inference -- such as augmented inverse propensity weighting and targeted maximum likelihood estimation -- enjoy desirable asymptotic properties like statistical efficiency and double robustness…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-16 Tiffany Tianhui Cai , Yuri Fonseca , Kaiwen Hou , Hongseok Namkoong

This paper provides an introduction to Double/Debiased Machine Learning (DML). DML is a general approach to performing inference about a target parameter in the presence of nuisance functions: objects that are needed to identify the target…

This paper investigates double/debiased machine learning (DML) under multiway clustered sampling environments. We propose a novel multiway cross fitting algorithm and a multiway DML estimator based on this algorithm. We also develop a…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-03-05 Harold D. Chiang , Kengo Kato , Yukun Ma , Yuya Sasaki

Debiased inference for high-dimensional regression models has received substantial recent attention to ensure regularized estimators have valid inference. All existing methods focus on achieving Neyman orthogonality through explicitly…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Yi Wang , Yuhao Deng , Yu Gu , Yuanjia Wang , Donglin Zeng

Double/debiased machine learning (DML) provides a general framework for inference with high-dimensional or otherwise complex nuisance parameters by combining Neyman-orthogonal scores with cross-fitting, thereby circumventing classical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ziming Lin , Fang Han

A variety of interesting parameters may depend on high dimensional regressions. Machine learning can be used to estimate such parameters. However estimators based on machine learners can be severely biased by regularization and/or model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney K. Newey , Victor Quintas-Martinez , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Most modern supervised statistical/machine learning (ML) methods are explicitly designed to solve prediction problems very well. Achieving this goal does not imply that these methods automatically deliver good estimators of causal…

Solving conditional moment restrictions (CMRs) is a key problem considered in statistics, causal inference, and econometrics, where the aim is to solve for a function of interest that satisfies some conditional moment equalities.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-25 Daqian Shao , Ashkan Soleymani , Francesco Quinzan , Marta Kwiatkowska

Evaluation of treatment effects and more general estimands is typically achieved via parametric modelling, which is unsatisfactory since model misspecification is likely. Data-adaptive model building (e.g. statistical/machine learning) is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Oliver Hines , Oliver Dukes , Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Stijn Vansteelandt

A common issue in learning decision-making policies in data-rich settings is spurious correlations in the offline dataset, which can be caused by hidden confounders. Instrumental variable (IV) regression, which utilises a key unconfounded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Daqian Shao , Ashkan Soleymani , Francesco Quinzan , Marta Kwiatkowska

Estimation and inference on causal parameters is typically reduced to a generalized method of moments problem, which involves auxiliary functions that correspond to solutions to a regression or classification problem. Recent line of work on…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-16 Qizhao Chen , Vasilis Syrgkanis , Morgane Austern

Developing robust inference for models with nonparametric Unobserved Heterogeneity (UH) is both important and challenging. We propose novel Debiased Machine Learning (DML) procedures for valid inference on functionals of UH, allowing for…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-21 Facundo Argañaraz , Juan Carlos Escanciano

Estimating nonlinear functionals of probability distributions from samples is a fundamental statistical problem. The "plug-in" estimator obtained by applying the target functional to the empirical distribution of samples is biased.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Florian Schäfer

The field of machine learning (ML) is concerned with the question of how to construct algorithms that automatically improve with experience. In recent years many successful ML applications have been developed, such as datamining programs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sergio Alejandro Gomez , Carlos Ivan Chesñevar

This paper develops an asymptotic theory for two-step debiased machine learning (DML) estimators in generalised method of moments (GMM) models with general multiway clustered dependence, without relying on cross-fitting. While cross-fitting…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-07 Kaicheng Chen , Harold D. Chiang

In various statistical settings, the goal is to estimate a function which is restricted by the statistical model only through a conditional moment restriction. Prominent examples include the nonparametric instrumental variable framework for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-28 AmirEmad Ghassami , James M. Robins , Andrea Rotnitzky
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