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In this paper we investigate algebraic properties of big Ramsey degrees in categories satisfying some mild conditions. As the first nontrivial consequence of the generalization we advocate in this paper we prove that small Ramsey degrees…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Dragan Mašulović

We investigate the joint distribution of the vertex degrees in three models of random bipartite graphs. Namely, we can choose each edge with a specified probability, choose a specified number of edges, or specify the vertex degrees in one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Brendan D. McKay , Fiona Skerman

This work starts from definition of randomness, the results of algorithmic randomness are analyzed from the perspective of application. Then, the source and nature of randomness is explored, and the relationship between infinity and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Yongxin Li

We consider finite relational signatures $\tau \subseteq \sigma$, a sequence of finite base $\tau$-structures $(\mathcal{B}_n : n \in \mathbb{N})$ the cardinalities of which tend to infinity and such that, for some number $\Delta$, the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Vera Koponen

This paper gives the recursion formula for mixed multiplicities of maximal degrees with respect to joint reductions of ideals, which is one of important results in the mixed multiplicity theory. Using this result, we give consequences on…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-03-10 Duong Quoc Viet

It is a well-known result that, after adding one Cohen real, the transcendence degree of the reals over the ground-model reals is continuum. We extend this result for a set $X$ of finitely many Cohen reals, by showing that, in the forcing…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Azul Fatalini , Ralf Schindler

We study the randomness properties of reals with respect to arbitrary probability measures on Cantor space. We show that every non-computable real is non-trivially random with respect to some measure. The probability measures constructed in…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-05-16 Jan Reimann , Theodore A. Slaman

In this article, we introduce a notion of reducibility for partial functions on the natural numbers, which we call subTuring reducibility. One important aspect is that the subTuring degrees correspond to the structure of the realizability…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Takayuki Kihara , Keng Meng Ng

We define a dynamic model of random networks, where new vertices are connected to old ones with a probability proportional to a sublinear function of their degree. We first give a strong limit law for the empirical degree distribution, and…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-07-31 Steffen Dereich , Peter Morters

The extremal characteristics of random structures, including trees, graphs, and networks, are discussed. A statistical physics approach is employed in which extremal properties are obtained through suitably defined rate equations. A variety…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Ben-Naim , P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

Let L contain only the equality symbol and let L^+ be an arbitrary finite symmetric relational language containing L . Suppose probabilities are defined on finite L^+ structures with ''edge probability'' n^{- alpha}. By T^alpha, the almost…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 John T. Baldwin , Saharon Shelah

Asymptotic properties of random regular graphs are object of extensive study in mathematics. In this note we argue, based on theory of spin glasses, that in random regular graphs the maximum cut size asymptotically equals the number of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2010-02-25 Lenka Zdeborová , Stefan Boettcher

Continuous reducibilities are a proven tool in computable analysis, and have applications in other fields such as constructive mathematics or reverse mathematics. We study the order-theoretic properties of several variants of the two most…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-10-22 Arno Pauly

We call an $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$ regainingly approximable if there exists a computable nondecreasing sequence $(a_n)_n$ of rational numbers converging to $\alpha$ with $\alpha - a_n < 2^{-n}$ for infinitely many $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Peter Hertling , Rupert Hölzl , Philip Janicki

We consider finitary approximations of the (embedding) Ramsey property. Using a class of homogeneous reducts of random ordered hypergraphs, we prove that these properties form a strict hierarchy. We also show that every class of finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-28 Nadav Meir , Aris Papadopoulos

When given a class of functions and a finite collection of sets, one might be interested whether the class in question contains any function whose domain is a subset of the union of the sets of the given collection and whose restrictions to…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Dimiter Skordev

We investigate enumerability properties for classes of sets which permit recursive, lexicographically increasing approximations, or left-r.e. sets. In addition to pinpointing the complexity of left-r.e. Martin-L\"{o}f, computably, Schnorr,…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-08-14 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , Frank Stephan , Jason R. Teutsch

Do completely unpredictable events exist in nature? Classical theory, being fully deterministic, completely excludes fundamental randomness. On the contrary, quantum theory allows for randomness within its axiomatic structure. Yet, the fact…

We identify a notion of reducibility between predicates, called instance reducibility, which commonly appears in reverse constructive mathematics. The notion can be generally used to compare and classify various principles studied in…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Andrej Bauer

First we survey generating function methods for obtaining useful probability estimates about random matrices in the finite classical groups. Then we describe a probabilistic picture of conjugacy classes which is coherent and beautiful.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jason Fulman