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We study a new paradigm for sequential decision making, called offline policy learning from observations (PLfO). Offline PLfO aims to learn policies using datasets with substandard qualities: 1) only a subset of trajectories is labeled with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Anqi Li , Byron Boots , Ching-An Cheng

Learning a reward function from human preferences is challenging as it typically requires having a high-fidelity simulator or using expensive and potentially unsafe actual physical rollouts in the environment. However, in many tasks the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Daniel Shin , Daniel S. Brown , Anca D. Dragan

Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm, leveraging offline data for initialization and online fine-tuning to enhance both sample efficiency and performance. However, most existing research has focused on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Hai Zhong , Xun Wang , Zhuoran Li , Longbo Huang

Leveraging offline data is a promising way to improve the sample efficiency of online reinforcement learning (RL). This paper expands the pool of usable data for offline-to-online RL by leveraging abundant non-curated data that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yi Zhao , Aidan Scannell , Wenshuai Zhao , Yuxin Hou , Tianyu Cui , Le Chen , Dieter Büchler , Arno Solin , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) presents distinct challenges as it relies solely on observational data. A central concern in this context is ensuring the safety of the learned policy by quantifying uncertainties associated with various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) learns policies entirely from static datasets, thereby avoiding the challenges associated with online data collection. Practical applications of offline RL will inevitably require learning from datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Anikait Singh , Aviral Kumar , Quan Vuong , Yevgen Chebotar , Sergey Levine

Learning policies from high-dimensional visual inputs, such as pixels and point clouds, is crucial in various applications. Visual reinforcement learning is a promising approach that directly trains policies from visual observations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Tongzhou Mu , Zhaoyang Li , Stanisław Wiktor Strzelecki , Xiu Yuan , Yunchao Yao , Litian Liang , Hao Su

In offline reinforcement learning (RL) an optimal policy is learned solely from a priori collected observational data. However, in observational data, actions are often confounded by unobserved variables. Instrumental variables (IVs), in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-16 Luofeng Liao , Zuyue Fu , Zhuoran Yang , Yixin Wang , Mladen Kolar , Zhaoran Wang

The goal in offline data-driven decision-making is synthesize decisions that optimize a black-box utility function, using a previously-collected static dataset, with no active interaction. These problems appear in many forms: offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Han Qi , Yi Su , Aviral Kumar , Sergey Levine

Off-policy evaluation in reinforcement learning offers the chance of using observational data to improve future outcomes in domains such as healthcare and education, but safe deployment in high stakes settings requires ways of assessing its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Omer Gottesman , Joseph Futoma , Yao Liu , Sonali Parbhoo , Leo Anthony Celi , Emma Brunskill , Finale Doshi-Velez

Reinforcement Learning has received wide interest due to its success in competitive games. Yet, its adoption in everyday applications is limited (e.g. industrial, home, healthcare, etc.). In this paper, we address this limitation by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Ben-ya Halevy , Yehudit Aperstein , Dotan Di Castro

One of the fundamental challenges for offline reinforcement learning (RL) is ensuring robustness to data distribution. Whether the data originates from a near-optimal policy or not, we anticipate that an algorithm should demonstrate its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Xiaohan Hu , Yi Ma , Chenjun Xiao , Yan Zheng , Jianye Hao

Deformable objects present several challenges to the field of robotic manipulation. One of the tasks that best encapsulates the difficulties arising due to non-rigid behavior is shape control, which requires driving an object to a desired…

Offline learning is a key part of making reinforcement learning (RL) useable in real systems. Offline RL looks at scenarios where there is data from a system's operation, but no direct access to the system when learning a policy. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Arthur Argenson , Gabriel Dulac-Arnold

Offline Reinforcement Learning (ORL) offers a robust solution to training agents in applications where interactions with the environment must be strictly limited due to cost, safety, or lack of accurate simulation environments. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Carlo Romeo , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Generative models such as diffusion have been employed as world models in offline reinforcement learning to generate synthetic data for more effective learning. Existing work either generates diffusion models one-time prior to training or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zeyu Fang , Tian Lan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

Online reinforcement learning (RL) methods are often data-inefficient or unreliable, making them difficult to train on real robotic hardware, especially quadruped robots. Learning robotic tasks from pre-collected data is a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Hongyin Zhang , Shuyu Yang , Donglin Wang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly become the focus of the artificial intelligent research due to its wide real-world applications where the collection of data may be difficult, time-consuming, or costly. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Chenyang Xi , Bo Tang , Jiajun Shen , Xinfu Liu , Feiyu Xiong , Xueying Li

While agents trained by Reinforcement Learning (RL) can solve increasingly challenging tasks directly from visual observations, generalizing learned skills to novel environments remains very challenging. Extensive use of data augmentation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Nicklas Hansen , Hao Su , Xiaolong Wang
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