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Data fusion and transfer learning are rapidly growing fields that enhance model performance for a target population by leveraging other related data sources or tasks. The challenges lie in the various potential heterogeneities between the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-19 Jing Wang , HaiYing Wang , Kun Chen

The lottery ticket hypothesis (LTH) is well-studied for convolutional neural networks but has been validated only empirically for graph neural networks (GNNs), for which theoretical findings are largely lacking. In this paper, we identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Lorenz Kummer , Samir Moustafa , Anatol Ehrlich , Franka Bause , Nikolaus Suess , Wilfried N. Gansterer , Nils M. Kriege

The Lottery Ticket Hypothesis (LTH) posits that within overparametrized neural networks, there exist sparse subnetworks that are capable of matching the performance of the original model when trained in isolation from the original…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Brandon Barton , Juan Carrasquilla , Christopher Roth , Agnes Valenti

As large-scale training regimes have gained popularity, the use of pretrained models for downstream tasks has become common practice in machine learning. While pretraining has been shown to enhance the performance of models in practice, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Laura Fee Nern , Harsh Raj , Maurice Georgi , Yash Sharma

The lottery ticket hypothesis has sparked the rapid development of pruning algorithms that aim to reduce the computational costs associated with deep learning during training and model deployment. Currently, such algorithms are primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Jonas Fischer , Rebekka Burkholz

Training diffusion models (DMs) requires substantial computational resources due to multiple forward and backward passes across numerous timesteps, motivating research into efficient training techniques. In this paper, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lexington Whalen , Zhenbang Du , Haoran You , Chaojian Li , Sixu Li , Yingyan , Lin

The Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis (SLTH) demonstrates the existence of high-performing subnetworks within a randomly initialized model, discoverable through pruning a convolutional neural network (CNN) without any weight training. A…

Artificial neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when they are sequentially trained on multiple tasks. Many continual learning (CL) strategies are trying to overcome this problem. One of the most effective is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Kamil Książek , Przemysław Spurek

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning approaches have recently garnered a lot of attention. Having considerably lower number of trainable weights, these methods can bring about scalability and computational effectiveness. In this paper, we look…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Mohammad Akbar-Tajari , Sara Rajaee , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

Pruning refers to the elimination of trivial weights from neural networks. The sub-networks within an overparameterized model produced after pruning are often called Lottery tickets. This research aims to generate winning lottery tickets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Md. Ismail Hossain , Mohammed Rakib , M. M. Lutfe Elahi , Nabeel Mohammed , Shafin Rahman

Pre-training is crucial for learning deep neural networks. Most of existing pre-training methods train simple models (e.g., restricted Boltzmann machines) and then stack them layer by layer to form the deep structure. This layer-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Zhiyuan Tang , Dong Wang , Yiqiao Pan , Zhiyong Zhang

The Lottery Ticket Hypothesis is a conjecture that every large neural network contains a subnetwork that, when trained in isolation, achieves comparable performance to the large network. An even stronger conjecture has been proven recently:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Laurent Orseau , Marcus Hutter , Omar Rivasplata

Midtraining, the practice of mixing specialized data with more general pretraining data in an intermediate training phase, has become widespread in language model development, yet there is little understanding of what makes it effective. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Emmy Liu , Graham Neubig , Chenyan Xiong

With the growth of the academic engines, the mining and analysis acquisition of massive researcher data, such as collaborator recommendation and researcher retrieval, has become indispensable. It can improve the quality of services and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Ziyue Qiao , Yanjie Fu , Pengyang Wang , Meng Xiao , Zhiyuan Ning , Denghui Zhang , Yi Du , Yuanchun Zhou

Inspired by the \emph{Well-initialized Lottery Ticket Hypothesis (WLTH)}, we introduce Soft-Transformer (Soft-TF), a parameter-efficient framework for continual learning that leverages soft, real-valued subnetworks over a frozen pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Haeyong Kang , Chang D. Yoo

Recently many plug-and-play self-attention modules (SAMs) are proposed to enhance the model generalization by exploiting the internal information of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In general, previous works ignore where to plug…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Zhongzhan Huang , Senwei Liang , Mingfu Liang , Wei He , Haizhao Yang , Liang Lin

Trojan attacks threaten deep neural networks (DNNs) by poisoning them to behave normally on most samples, yet to produce manipulated results for inputs attached with a particular trigger. Several works attempt to detect whether a given DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Tianlong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Yihua Zhang , Shiyu Chang , Sijia Liu , Zhangyang Wang

When large scale training data is available, one can obtain compact and accurate networks to be deployed in resource-constrained environments effectively through quantization and pruning. However, training data are often protected due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Chen Zhu , Zheng Xu , Ali Shafahi , Manli Shu , Amin Ghiasi , Tom Goldstein

Pretraining large language models effectively requires strategic data selection, blending and ordering. However, key details about data mixtures especially their scalability to longer token horizons and larger model sizes remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Steven Feng , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Kezhi Kong , Dan Su , Mostofa Patwary , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro

Pretraining is a common technique in deep learning for increasing performance and reducing training time, with promising experimental results in deep reinforcement learning (RL). However, pretraining requires a relevant dataset for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Saurav Kadavath , Samuel Paradis , Brian Yao