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Recent advances in Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) have led to significant reductions in transcription errors on standard benchmarks under the i.i.d. assumption, thus focusing on minimizing in-distribution (ID) errors. However, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Carlos Garrido-Munoz , Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza

Artistic text recognition is an extremely challenging task with a wide range of applications. However, current scene text recognition methods mainly focus on irregular text while have not explored artistic text specifically. The challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Xudong Xie , Ling Fu , Zhifei Zhang , Zhaowen Wang , Xiang Bai

Increased accuracy in predictive models for handwritten character recognition will open up new frontiers for optical character recognition. Major drawbacks of predictive machine learning models are headed by the elongated training time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Abdul Kawsar Tushar , Akm Ashiquzzaman , Afia Afrin , Md. Rashedul Islam

Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is essential for converting vast amounts of Arabic print media into digital formats. However, training modern OCR models, especially powerful vision-language models, is hampered by the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Omer Nacar , Yasser Al-Habashi , Serry Sibaee , Adel Ammar , Wadii Boulila

Traditionally, the performance of ocr algorithms and systems is based on the recognition of isolated characters. When a system classifies an individual character, its output is typically a character label or a reject marker that corresponds…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-09-08 B. S. Saritha , S. Hemanth

In this paper we present an OCR for Handwritten Devnagari Characters. Basic symbols are recognized by neural classifier. We have used four feature extraction techniques namely, intersection, shadow feature, chain code histogram and straight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-07-01 Sandhya Arora , Debotosh Bhattacharjee , Mita Nasipuri , Dipak Kumar Basu , Mahantapas Kundu

We implemented a high-performance optical character recognition model for classical handwritten documents using data augmentation with highly variable cropping within the document region. Optical character recognition in handwritten…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Joonmo Ahna , Taehong Jang , Quan Fengnyu , Hyungil Lee , Jaehyuk Lee , Sojung Lucia Kim

We demonstrate that state-of-the-art optical character recognition (OCR) based on deep learning is vulnerable to adversarial images. Minor modifications to images of printed text, which do not change the meaning of the text to a human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Congzheng Song , Vitaly Shmatikov

Optical Character Recognition has been a challenging field in the advent of digital computers. It is needed where information is to be readable both to humans and machines. The process of OCR is composed of a set of pre and post processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Chinmay Chinara , Nishant Nath , Subhajeet Mishra , Sangram Keshari Sahoo , Farida Ashraf Ali

Long-term OCR services aim to provide high-quality output to their users at competitive costs. It is essential to upgrade the models because of the complex data loaded by the users. The service providers encourage the users who provide data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Ajoy Mondal , Rohit saluja , C. V. Jawahar

Idiomatic translation remains a significant challenge in machine translation, especially for low resource languages such as Urdu, and has received limited prior attention. To advance research in this area, we introduce the first evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Muhammad Farmal Khan , Mousumi Akter

Text line segmentation is one of the pre-stages of modern optical character recognition systems. The algorithmic approach proposed by this paper has been designed for this exact purpose. Its main characteristic is the combination of two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Pit Schneider

Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) under limited labeled data remains a challenging problem, particularly for Arabic-script languages. Although modern sequence-based recognizers perform well in high-resource settings, their accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sana Al-azzawi , Elisa Barney , Marcus Liwicki

This paper describes the method to recognize offline handwritten characters. A robust algorithm for handwriting segmentation is described here with the help of which individual characters can be segmented from a selected word from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Jayati Ghosh Dastidar , Surabhi Sarkar , Rick Punyadyuti Sinha , Kasturi Basu

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for low-resource languages remains a significant challenge due to the scarcity of large-scale annotated training datasets. Languages such as Kashmiri, with approximately 7 million speakers and a complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Haq Nawaz Malik , Kh Mohmad Shafi , Tanveer Ahmad Reshi

In today's world anybody who wants to access any information the first choice is to use the web because it is the only source to provide easy and instant access to information. However web readers face many hurdles from web which includes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2011-06-09 Walayat Hussain , Osama Sohaib , Arif Ali

Historical handwritten text recognition (HTR) is essential for unlocking the cultural and scholarly value of archival documents, yet digitization is often hindered by scarce transcriptions, linguistic variation, and highly diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Erez Meoded

Offline Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) systems play a crucial role in applications such as historical document digitization, automatic form processing, and biometric authentication. However, their performance is often hindered by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Yassin Hussein Rassul , Aram M. Ahmed , Polla Fattah , Bryar A. Hassan , Arwaa W. Abdulkareem , Tarik A. Rashid , Joan Lu

Although abbreviations are fairly common in handwritten sources, particularly in medieval and modern Western manuscripts, previous research dealing with computational approaches to their expansion is scarce. Yet abbreviations present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Jean-Baptiste Camps , Chahan Vidal-Gorène , Marguerite Vernet

Roman Urdu is an informal form of the Urdu language written in Roman script, which is widely used in South Asia for online textual content. It lacks standard spelling and hence poses several normalization challenges during automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Abdul Rafae Khan , Asim Karim , Hassan Sajjad , Faisal Kamiran , Jia Xu