English
Related papers

Related papers: Software Mitigation of RISC-V Spectre Attacks

200 papers

Modern computing systems face security threats, including memory corruption attacks, speculative execution vulnerabilities, and control-flow hijacking. Although existing solutions address these threats individually, they frequently…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Suraj Kumar Sah , Love Kumar Sah

Handling vast amounts of data is crucial in today's world. The growth of high-performance computing has created a need for parallelization, particularly in the area of machine learning algorithms such as ANN (Approximate Nearest Neighbors).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Konstantin Rumyantsev , Pavel Yakovlev , Andrey Gorshkov , Andrey P. Sokolov

Modern Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) incorporate built-in self-test (BIST) modules deeply integrated into the device's intellectual property (IP) blocks. Such modules handle hardware faults and defects during device operation. As such, BIST…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Saleh Mulhem , Christian Ewert , Andrija Neskovic , Amrit Sharma Poudel , Christoph Hübner , Mladen Berekovic , Rainer Buchty

The European Union technological sovereignty strategy centers around the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture, with the European Processor Initiative leading efforts to build production-ready processors. Focusing on realizing a functional…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Petar Andrić , Aaron Call , Ramon Nou

Self-modifying code (SMC) allows programs to alter their own instructions, optimizing performance and functionality on x86 processors. Despite its benefits, SMC introduces unique microarchitectural behaviors that can be exploited for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Seonghun Son , Daniel Moghimi , Berk Gulmezoglu

We present uSpectre, a new class of transient execution attacks that exploit microcode branch mispredictions to transiently leak sensitive data. We find that many long-known and recently-discovered transient execution attacks, which were…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Nicholas Mosier , Hamed Nemati , John C. Mitchell , Caroline Trippel

Control-flow leakage (CFL) attacks enable an attacker to expose control-flow decisions of a victim program via side-channel observations. Linearization (i.e., elimination) of secret-dependent control flow is the main countermeasure against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Hans Winderix , Marton Bognar , Lesly-Ann Daniel , Frank Piessens

Power-based side-channel is a serious security threat to the System on Chip (SoC). The secret information is leaked from the power profile of the system while a cryptographic algorithm is running. The mitigation requires efforts from both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Pantea Kiaei , Yuan Yao , Patrick Schaumont

The recent exponential growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) has relied on GPU-based systems. However, CPUs are emerging as a flexible and lower-cost alternative, especially when targeting inference and reasoning workloads. RISC-V is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Javier J. Poveda Rodrigo , Mohamed Amine Ahmdi , Alessio Burrello , Daniele Jahier Pagliari , Luca Benini

Latest ARM processors are approaching the computational power of x86 architectures while consuming much less energy. Consequently, supply follows demand with Amazon EC2, Equinix Metal and Microsoft Azure offering ARM-based instances, while…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Christian Göttel , Konstantinos Parasyris , Osman Unsal , Pascal Felber , Marcelo Pasin , Valerio Schiavoni

In this paper, we analyze the security of programming languages and their execution environments (compilers and interpreters) with respect to Spectre attacks. The analysis shows that only 16 out of 42 execution environments have mitigations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Amir Naseredini , Stefan Gast , Martin Schwarzl , Pedro Miguel Sousa Bernardo , Amel Smajic , Claudio Canella , Martin Berger , Daniel Gruss

The new open and royalty-free RISC-V ISA is attracting interest across the whole computing continuum, from microcontrollers to supercomputers. High-performance RISC-V processors and accelerators have been announced, but RISC-V-based HPC…

RISC-V processors encounter substantial challenges in deploying multi-precision deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their restricted precision support, constrained throughput, and suboptimal dataflow design. To tackle these challenges, a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Chuanning Wang , Chao Fang , Xiao Wu , Zhongfeng Wang , Jun Lin

There are increasing concerns about possible malicious modifications of integrated circuits (ICs) used in critical applications. Such attacks are often referred to as hardware Trojans. While many techniques focus on hardware Trojan…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Tony F. Wu , Karthik Ganesan , Yunqing Alexander Hu , H. -S. Philip Wong , Simon Wong , Subhasish Mitra

This paper provides the first systematic analysis of a synergistic threat model encompassing memory corruption vulnerabilities and microarchitectural side-channel vulnerabilities. We study speculative shield bypass attacks that leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Weon Taek Na , Joel S. Emer , Mengjia Yan

Modern microprocessors depend on speculative execution, creating vulnerabilities that enable transient execution attacks. Prior defenses target speculative data leakage but overlook false dependencies from partial address aliasing, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Gayathri Subramanian , Girinath P , Nitya Ranganathan , Kamakoti Veezhinathan , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan

Bias in computer vision models remains a significant challenge, often resulting in unfair, unreliable, and non-generalizable AI systems. Although research into bias mitigation has intensified, progress continues to be hindered by fragmented…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ioannis Sarridis , Christos Koutlis , Symeon Papadopoulos , Christos Diou

Modern embedded systems are evolving toward complex, heterogeneous architectures to accommodate increasingly demanding applications. Driven by SWAP-C constraints, this shift has led to consolidating multiple systems onto single hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Diogo Costa , Gonçalo Moreira , Afonso Oliveira , José Martins , Sandro Pinto

Chip industry continues advancing and expanding modern computing systems, resulting in more complex multi-core processors. Conversely, academic projects face scalability challenges due to limited resources, highlighting the need for…

Computer systems often provide hardware support for isolation mechanisms like privilege levels, virtual memory, or enclaved execution. Over the past years, several successful software-based side-channel attacks have been developed that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Matteo Busi , Job Noorman , Jo Van Bulck , Letterio Galletta , Pierpaolo Degano , Jan Tobias Mühlberg , Frank Piessens