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We study the training and generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs) in the over-parameterized regime, where the network width (i.e., number of hidden nodes per layer) is much larger than the number of training data points. We show that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Yuan Cao , Quanquan Gu

Recent studies have empirically investigated different methods to train stochastic neural networks on a classification task by optimising a PAC-Bayesian bound via stochastic gradient descent. Most of these procedures need to replace the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Eugenio Clerico , George Deligiannidis , Arnaud Doucet

Despite the widespread empirical success of ResNet, the generalization properties of deep ResNet are rarely explored beyond the lazy training regime. In this work, we investigate \emph{scaled} ResNet in the limit of infinitely deep and wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yihang Chen , Fanghui Liu , Yiping Lu , Grigorios G. Chrysos , Volkan Cevher

Analyzing neural network dynamics via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is crucial to building theoretical foundations for deep learning. Previous work has analyzed structured inputs within the \textit{hidden manifold model}, often under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Jaeyong Bae , Hawoong Jeong

We perform scalable approximate inference in continuous-depth Bayesian neural networks. In this model class, uncertainty about separate weights in each layer gives hidden units that follow a stochastic differential equation. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-01 Winnie Xu , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Xuechen Li , David Duvenaud

We present the bulk-boundary decomposition as a new framework for understanding the training dynamics of deep neural networks. Starting from the stochastic gradient descent formulation, we show that the Lagrangian can be reorganized into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Donghee Lee , Hye-Sung Lee , Jaeok Yi

A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

Many algorithms have been recently proposed for causal machine learning. Yet, there is little to no theory on their quality, especially considering finite samples. In this work, we propose a theory based on generalization bounds that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-16 Daniel Csillag , Claudio José Struchiner , Guilherme Tegoni Goedert

We analyze new generalization bounds for deep learning models trained by transfer learning from a source to a target task. Our bounds utilize a quantity called the majority predictor accuracy, which can be computed efficiently from data. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Cuong N. Nguyen , Lam Si Tung Ho , Vu Dinh , Tal Hassner , Cuong V. Nguyen

In recent years, deep learning has been connected with optimal control as a way to define a notion of a continuous underlying learning problem. In this view, neural networks can be interpreted as a discretization of a parametric Ordinary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Joubine Aghili , Olga Mula

Recent works have shown that on sufficiently over-parametrized neural nets, gradient descent with relatively large initialization optimizes a prediction function in the RKHS of the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK). This analysis leads to global…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-28 Colin Wei , Jason D. Lee , Qiang Liu , Tengyu Ma

Bayesian neural networks perform variational inference over the weights however calculation of the posterior distribution remains a challenge. Our work builds on variational inference techniques for bayesian neural networks using the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Abhinav Sagar

Existing methods of pruning deep neural networks focus on removing unnecessary parameters of the trained network and fine tuning the model afterwards to find a good solution that recovers the initial performance of the trained model. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Abdolghani Ebrahimi , Diego Klabjan

We present a non-asymptotic theory of generalization in deep learning where the empirical neural tangent kernel partitions the output space. In directions corresponding to signal, error dissipates rapidly; in the vast orthogonal dimensions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Elon Litman , Gabe Guo

Current physics-informed (standard or deep operator) neural networks still rely on accurately learning the initial and/or boundary conditions of the system of differential equations they are solving. In contrast, standard numerical methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rüdiger Brecht , Dmytro R. Popovych , Alex Bihlo , Roman O. Popovych

Understanding the generalization abilities of modern machine learning algorithms has been a major research topic over the past decades. In recent years, the learning dynamics of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) have been related to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-04 Benjamin Dupuis , Paul Viallard

We consider a data-driven formulation of the classical discrete-time stochastic control problem. Our approach exploits the natural structure of many such problems, in which significant portions of the system are uncontrolled. Employing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-25 Boris Baros , Samuel N. Cohen , Christoph Reisinger

Developing efficient numerical algorithms for the solution of high dimensional random Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) has been a challenging task due to the well-known curse of dimensionality. We present a new solution framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Hadi Meidani

We provide the first generalization error analysis for black-box learning through derivative-free optimization. Under the assumption of a Lipschitz and smooth unknown loss, we consider the Zeroth-order Stochastic Search (ZoSS) algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Konstantinos E. Nikolakakis , Farzin Haddadpour , Dionysios S. Kalogerias , Amin Karbasi

We establish a data-dependent notion of algorithmic stability for Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), and employ it to develop novel generalization bounds. This is in contrast to previous distribution-free algorithmic stability results for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Ilja Kuzborskij , Christoph H. Lampert
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