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Transformer models learn to encode and decode an input text, and produce contextual token embeddings as a side-effect. The mapping from language into the embedding space maps words expressing similar concepts onto points that are close in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Vivi Nastase , Paola Merlo

End-to-end acoustic-to-word speech recognition models have recently gained popularity because they are easy to train, scale well to large amounts of training data, and do not require a lexicon. In addition, word models may also be easier to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Shruti Palaskar , Vikas Raunak , Florian Metze

Low-resource languages (LRLs) often lack high-quality, large-scale datasets for training effective text embedding models, hindering their application in tasks like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and semantic search. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zaruhi Navasardyan , Spartak Bughdaryan , Bagrat Minasyan , Hrant Davtyan

Given multiple source word embeddings learnt using diverse algorithms and lexical resources, meta word embedding learning methods attempt to learn more accurate and wide-coverage word embeddings. Prior work on meta-embedding has repeatedly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Danushka Bollegala

Natural language processing methods have been applied in a variety of music studies, drawing the connection between music and language. In this paper, we expand those approaches by investigating \textit{chord embeddings}, which we apply in…

Recent advancements in machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and foundational models have shown promise for real-life applications in critical, albeit compute-constrainted fields like healthcare. In such areas, combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Georgios Margaritis , Periklis Petridis , Dimitris J. Bertsimas

Text embeddings are useful features in many applications such as semantic search and computing text similarity. Previous work typically trains models customized for different use cases, varying in dataset choice, training objective and…

The reliable measurement of confidence in classifiers' predictions is very important for many applications and is, therefore, an important part of classifier design. Yet, although deep learning has received tremendous attention in recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Amit Mandelbaum , Daphna Weinshall

Dense retrieval systems have proven to be effective across various benchmarks, but require substantial memory to store large search indices. Recent advances in embedding compression show that index sizes can be greatly reduced with minimal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-16 L. Caspari , M. Dinzinger , K. Ghosh Dastidar , C. Fellicious , J. Mitrović , M. Granitzer

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

This paper introduces an approach for detecting differences in the first-order structures of spatial point patterns. The proposed approach leverages the kernel mean embedding in a novel way by introducing its approximate version tailored to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-15 Raif M. Rustamov , James T. Klosowski

Embedding-based similarity metrics between text sequences can be influenced not just by the content dimensions we most care about, but can also be biased by spurious attributes like the text's source or language. These document confounders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yu Fan , Yang Tian , Shauli Ravfogel , Mrinmaya Sachan , Elliott Ash , Alexander Hoyle

Understanding the internal mechanisms of large language models (LLMs) remains a challenging and complex endeavor. Even fundamental questions, such as how fine-tuning affects model behavior, often require extensive empirical evaluation. In…

Word embeddings capture semantic relationships based on contextual information and are the basis for a wide variety of natural language processing applications. Notably these relationships are solely learned from the data and subsequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Stephanie Brandl , David Lassner , Maximilian Alber

Making decent multi-lingual sentence representations is critical to achieve high performances in cross-lingual downstream tasks. In this work, we propose a novel method to align multi-lingual embeddings based on the similarity of sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Minsu Park , Seyeon Choi , Chanyeol Choi , Jun-Seong Kim , Jy-yong Sohn

Word alignment over parallel corpora has a wide variety of applications, including learning translation lexicons, cross-lingual transfer of language processing tools, and automatic evaluation or analysis of translation outputs. The great…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Zi-Yi Dou , Graham Neubig

The technique of Cross-Lingual Word Embedding (CLWE) plays a fundamental role in tackling Natural Language Processing challenges for low-resource languages. Its dominant approaches assumed that the relationship between embeddings could be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Xutan Peng , Mark Stevenson , Chenghua Lin , Chen Li

In this paper, we reproduce the experiments of Artetxe et al. (2018b) regarding the robust self-learning method for fully unsupervised cross-lingual mappings of word embeddings. We show that the reproduction of their method is indeed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Nicolas Garneau , Mathieu Godbout , David Beauchemin , Audrey Durand , Luc Lamontagne

Multi-Modal Self-Supervised Learning from videos has been shown to improve model's performance on various downstream tasks. However, such Self-Supervised pre-training requires large batch sizes and a large amount of computation resources…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Duo Wang , Salah Karout

The goal of this paper is to investigate the connection between the performance gain that can be obtained by selftraining and the similarity between the corpora used in this approach. Self-training is a semi-supervised technique designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Vincent Van Asch , Walter Daelemans