English
Related papers

Related papers: A Flash(bot) in the Pan: Measuring Maximal Extract…

200 papers

Blockchain's economic value lies in enabling financial and economic transactions without relying on trusted, centralized intermediaries. In practice, however, transactions pass through a fragmented chain of intermediaries before being…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-05 Andrea Canidio , Vabuk Pahari

Blockchains, and specifically smart contracts, have promised to create fair and transparent trading ecosystems. Unfortunately, we show that this promise has not been met. We document and quantify the widespread and rising deployment of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Philip Daian , Steven Goldfeder , Tyler Kell , Yunqi Li , Xueyuan Zhao , Iddo Bentov , Lorenz Breidenbach , Ari Juels

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) represents billions of dollars in extracted value that fundamentally shapes blockchain network dynamics and participant incentives. While research has focused on MEV extraction and mitigation, we lack…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Andrei Seoev , Dmitry Belousov , Anastasiia Smirnova , Ksenia Kurinova , Aleksei Smirnov , Denis Fedyanin , Yury Yanovich

We study selfish mining in Ethereum. The problem is combinatorially more complex than in Bitcoin because of major differences in the reward system and a different difficulty adjustment formula. Equivalent strategies in Bitcoin do have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Pérez-Marco

We performed the first systematic study of a new attack on Ethereum that steals cryptocurrencies. The attack is due to the unprotected JSON-RPC endpoints existed in Ethereum nodes that could be exploited by attackers to transfer the Ether…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Zhen Cheng , Xinrui Hou , Runhuai Li , Yajin Zhou , Xiapu Luo , Jinku Li , Kui Ren

Wash trading in decentralized markets remains a significant concern magnified by the pseudonymous and public nature of blockchains. In this paper we introduce an innovative methodology designed to detect wash trading activities beyond…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Aleksandar Tošić , Niki Hrovatin , Jernej Vičič

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) has garnered significant attention in the cryptocurrency community. Such attention is a consequence of the revenue that can be generated from MEV, as well as the risks MEV poses to the fundamental value…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Ciaran Hughes

Layer-2 (L2) blockchains inherit Ethereums security guarantees while reducing gas fees. As a result, they are gaining traction among traders at Automated Market Makers (AMMs), sparking debate over whether they contribute to liquidity…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Krzysztof Gogol , Manvir Schneider , Claudio Tessone , Benjamin Livshits

In order to have transactions executed and recorded on blockchains such as the Ethereum Mainnet, fees expressed in crypto-currency units of the blockchain must be paid. One can buy crypto-currency called Ether of the Ethereum blockchain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Serdar Metin , Can Özturan

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is a decentralized computing engine. It enables the Ethereum blockchain to execute smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). The increasing adoption of Ethereum sparked the rise of phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Pasquale De Rosa , Simon Queyrut , Yérom-David Bromberg , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Bitcoin and Ethereum are the top two blockchain-based cryptocurrencies whether from cryptocurrency market cap or popularity. However, they are vulnerable to selfish mining and stubborn mining due to that both of them adopt Proof-of-Work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Runkai Yang , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić

We study the economics of transaction reverts on Ethereum rollups and show that they are not accidental failures but equilibrium outcomes of MEV strategies. Using execution traces from major L2s, we find that over 80% of reverted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Krzysztof Gogol , Manvir Schneider , Claudio Tessone

Layer 2 rollups are rapidly absorbing DeFi activity, securing over $40 billion and accounting for nearly half of Ethereum's DEX volume by Q1 2025, yet their MEV dynamics remain understudied. We address this gap by defining and quantifying…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Ozan Solmaz , Lioba Heimbach , Yann Vonlanthen , Roger Wattenhofer

The smart contract-based markets for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Ethereum blockchain have seen tremendous growth in 2021, with trading volumes peaking at 3.5b in September 2021. This dramatic surge has led to industry observers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Victor von Wachter , Johannes Rude Jensen , Ferdinand Regner , Omri Ross

Initially introduced to Ethereum via Flashbots' MEV-boost, Proposer-Builder Separation allows proposers to auction off blockspace to a market of transaction orderers, known as builders. PBS is currently available to validators through the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Maxwell Koegler

How users adapt after being sandwiched remains unclear; this paper provides an empirical quantification. Using transaction level data from November 2024 to February 2025, enriched with mempool visibility and ZeroMEV labels, we track user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Davide Mancino , Davide Rezzoli

This paper analyzes the Execution Tickets proposal on Ethereum Research, unveiling its potential to revolutionize the Ethereum blockchain's economic model. At the core of this proposal lies a novel ticketing mechanism poised to redefine how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jonah Burian

A central question of the Ethereum ecosystem is where Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)revenue originates and to what extent it stems from harming unsuspecting users. It is acceptable if MEV arises from arbitrages between centralised and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Bence Ladóczk , Miklós Rásonyi , János Tapolcai

Ethereum has adopted a rollup-centric roadmap to scale by making rollups (layer 2 scaling solutions) the primary method for handling transactions. The first significant step towards this goal was EIP-4844, which introduced blob transactions…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Lioba Heimbach , Jason Milionis

Strategies related to the blockchain concept of Extractable Value (MEV/BEV), such as arbitrage, front-, or back-running create strong economic incentives for network nodes to reduce latency. Modified nodes, that minimize transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Taro Tsuchiya , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Arthur Gervais , Nicolas Christin